Treatment of the causes of tics in children

Parents care about their children's health and like to take care of them. If children have such and such diseases, our hearts must be very uncomfortable. How much do you know about the causes and treatments of tic syndrome in children? The editor will introduce some specific situations to you. Then let's learn more about what kind of diseases these are with the editor!

1. Causes

The occurrence of this disease is mainly related to the following factors.

1. Genetics

Studies have confirmed that genetic factors are associated with the occurrence of Tourette syndrome, but the mode of inheritance is unclear. Family surveys found that 10% to 60% of patients had a positive family history. Twin studies confirmed that the concordance rate of monozygotic twins (75% to 90%) was significantly higher than that of monozygotic twins (20%). Foster child studies found that the incidence of tic disorders in foster relatives was significantly lower than that in blood relatives.

2. Neurochemical abnormalities

Tic disorders may involve disorders of neurotransmitters such as DA, NE, and 5-HT. Most scholars believe that the occurrence of Tourette syndrome is related to excessive release of dopamine in the striatum or hypersensitivity of postsynaptic dopamine D2 receptors. The dopamine hypothesis is also an important hypothesis in the etiology of Tourette syndrome. Some scholars believe that this disease is related to hyperfunction of the central noradrenergic system, endogenous opioid peptides, and 5-HT abnormalities.

2. Drug treatment

(1) The efficacy of fluphenazine is 60% to 90%. Take 1 to 2 times a day, and observe for 3 to 7 days. If the side effects are not obvious, increase the dosage. During the dosage increase process, the dosage should be adjusted according to the therapeutic effect and side effects. The main side effects of the drugs are sedation and extrapyramidal side effects.

(2) The efficacy of tadalafil is 76% to 87%. It is characterized by fewer extrapyramidal side effects and is suitable for patients over 7 years old. 2 to 3 times a day. Common side effects include drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, gastrointestinal discomfort, excitement, insomnia, etc.

(3) Clonidine can improve tic symptoms, with an efficacy of 50% to 86%. This drug can also improve symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity, and is the first choice for those with comorbid ADHD or those who develop tic symptoms due to the use of central nervous system stimulants to treat ADHD. Currently, the main domestic products are transdermal patches. Side effects include drowsiness, hypotension, dizziness, dry mouth, etc.

(4) Risperidone: Reports have confirmed that risperidone is effective in treating this disease. The main side effects of the drugs are sedation and extrapyramidal side effects.

3. Psychotherapy

The main ones include psychological support therapy, cognitive therapy and behavioral therapy. The purpose of psychological support and cognitive therapy is to adjust the family system, enable patients and their families to understand the nature of the disease and the reasons for symptom fluctuations, eliminate adverse factors in the school and family environment that may contribute to the generation or maintenance of symptoms, reduce the anxiety and depression secondary to tic symptoms, and improve the patient's social function. There is evidence to support that behavioral therapies such as habit reversal training are effective in correcting tic symptoms.

What we can provide to you here is limited. We always need to understand our own situation clearly. We cannot ignore the process of understanding the cause of the disease. It is difficult for us to say that we cannot prescribe the right medicine ourselves. Parents need to take good care of their children. These still need to be understood. Then the editor will continue with Husou here!