Thalassemia

After thalassemia occurs, it is actually called thalassemia. After the onset of the disease, this thalassemia is a group of hereditary diseases. After such a disease occurs, we must reasonably understand the relevant factors causing the disease and know how to treat it. Is the most important knowledge.

Thalassemia is a mild form of the disease, but there is no special treatment for this disease. After the occurrence of intermediate or severe thalassemia, we need to take a suitable treatment measure, such as blood transfusion and iron chelation therapy, which is still a very important treatment method at present.

Blood transfusion is the main measure to treat this disease. It is best to transfuse washed red blood cells to avoid transfusion reactions. The small-volume infusion method is only suitable for intermediate α and β thalassemia and is not recommended for severe β thalassemia. For severe β-thalassemia, medium or high-volume blood transfusions should be given from an early stage to enable the child to grow and develop close to normal and prevent bone lesions. The method is: first repeatedly transfuse concentrated red blood cells to make the child's hemoglobin content reach 120-150g/L; then transfuse concentrated red blood cells 10-15ml/kg every 2-4 weeks to maintain the hemoglobin content above 90-105g/L. However, this method can easily lead to hemosiderosis, so iron chelator therapy should be given at the same time.

Deferoxamine is commonly used, which can increase the excretion of iron in the urine and feces, but it cannot prevent the absorption of iron by the gastrointestinal tract. Iron load is usually assessed after 1 year or 10 to 20 units of regular red blood cell transfusions, and iron chelation is started if iron overload is present. Deferoxamine: subcutaneous injection once a night for 12 hours, or added to isotonic glucose solution and dripped for 8 to 12 hours; long-term use, 5 to 7 days a week. Or add to red blood cell suspension and infuse slowly. The side effects of deferoxamine are minor, but allergic reactions may occur occasionally. Long-term use may cause cataracts and long bone development disorders, and excessive doses may cause vision and hearing loss. The combined use of vitamin C and chelating agents can enhance the effect of deferoxamine in excreting iron in the urine.

After we know that thalassemia has occurred, we realize that this disease is relatively difficult to treat. However, if we discover this stubborn disease in time. You must actively go to a regular hospital to diagnose and treat your illness. Only in this way can we ensure that this serious illness can be cured, and we must be aware of this.