Prevention and treatment of viral infections in children

Viral infection is a relatively serious infection, especially some viral infections in children, which can cause serious harm to the children's bodies. Therefore, for many parents, when their children have viral infections, they want to fully understand some prevention and treatment methods of viral infections. The following content provides a detailed introduction so you can have a comprehensive understanding.

1. Antiviral Chemical Preparations

⒈Nucleoside drugs are the earliest antiviral drugs used in clinical practice.

⑴ The simulated nucleoside components are incorporated into the viral genome to inhibit viral replication. In addition to being incorporated into viral DNA, they are also incorporated into cell DNA, so they have side effects on cells;

⑵ Acyclovir and guanosine compete with viral replicase and belong to a new generation of nucleoside drugs, which have a stronger effect on herpes virus and fewer side effects;

⑶ Adenosine inhibits DNA synthesis and is used to treat HSV, VZV, CMV, and HBV infections.

⑷3'-Azidine nucleoside, also known as ribavirin, is effective against a variety of RNA and DNA viruses and is mainly used to treat RNA virus infections.

There are also azidothymidine, dideoxyinosine, lavuphridine, etc., which have a significant inhibitory effect on human immunodeficiency virus;

Mechanism of action of nucleoside drugs:

⑴Inhibit viral gene replication: ①Incorporation of simulated nucleoside components into the viral genome; ②Competition with viral replicase;

⑵Inhibit viral gene transcription:

⒉ Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors:

⒊ Protease inhibitors Inhibitors targeting the active sites of reverse transcriptase and protease have been developed. The combination of 3TC and protease inhibitors in the treatment of AIDS has a significant therapeutic effect.

⒋ Other antiviral drugs are mainly used to treat influenza virus, herpes virus, etc., including adamantane and fosfomycin formate.

(II) Application of interferon and interferon inducers

⒈Interferon has a broad-spectrum antiviral effect.

⒉ Interferon inducers include poly I:C (composed of polyinosinic acid and polycytidylic acid), glycyrrhizin, Versicolor polysaccharide, etc.

⒊ Chinese herbal medicines for preventing and treating viral infections: such as Astragalus, Isatis root, and Isatis indigotica can inhibit a variety of viruses.

4. Gene therapy

⑴ Antisense oligonucleotides are designed based on the known sequence of the viral genome. Oligonucleotides that can complement a certain sequence of the viral gene are called antisense oligonucleotides. After they intervene in the cells, they inhibit the replication of the virus by specifically binding to a certain sequence of the viral gene.

⑵Ribozyme is a gene therapy agent that inhibits viral genes. It is a type of RNA molecule that can both bind to the target gene sequence and have enzymatic activity.

Childhood viral infection is a relatively serious infection, so for many parents, after fully understanding the above prevention methods, they must do some prevention of childhood viral infection in daily life. Only by doing a better job of prevention in many aspects can they keep their children away from childhood viral infection and ensure their health.