What causes acute hemiplegia in children?

Children are the hope of every family. They hope that their children can be healthy and happy. If a child becomes sick, it will affect the harmony of the whole family. So every family wants a healthy baby, but many families do not get what they want. Some children suffer from hemiplegia, and the parents are about to collapse. So what is the cause of hemiplegia in children?

1. Infection

Cerebrovasculitis caused by various infections can cause stenosis of the arterial lumen, thrombosis, and occlusion, resulting in a decrease in local cerebral blood flow and insufficient blood perfusion to the brain tissue, leading to degeneration and necrosis of nerve cells. Viruses or bacteria may directly invade the cerebral blood vessels and cause cerebrovasculitis. An immune response may also occur after infection or vaccination, causing immune cerebrovasculitis or demyelinating lesions around the cerebral blood vessels.

2. Traumatic brain trauma

Cerebral contusion, subdural or epidural hematoma, intracerebral hemorrhage and concomitant cerebral edema can all cause hemiplegia. Internal carotid artery injury caused by posterior pharyngeal wall trauma cannot be ignored.

3. Intracranial lesions

Internal aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, moyamoya disease, cerebral space-occupying lesions, etc., may cause hemiplegia due to bleeding, vascular occlusion or compression.

4. Heart disease

Cyanotic congenital heart disease may cause cerebral thrombosis due to increased blood viscosity caused by infection and dehydration; when shunting from right to left, emboli may enter the cerebral blood circulation and form cerebral embolism, which often occurs in children under 2 years old. It may also cause hemiplegia due to concurrent brain abscess. Arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation may be complicated by mural thrombus and cause cerebral infarction. Rare heart tumors may also cause hemiplegia. Rheumatic heart disease or endocarditis vegetation shedding may form emboli and cause cerebral embolism. Sterile emboli of mitral valve prolapse may also cause cerebral ischemia. Iatrogenic emboli may come from cardiac catheterization, cardiac surgery, fat emboli from parenteral nutrition, etc.

5. Blood disorders

Leukemia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, hemophilia, etc. may cause local brain blood supply disorders. Abnormal coagulation function can cause venous and arterial thrombosis. Some genetic diseases can cause thrombosis.

6. Connective tissue disease

When the lesions of diseases such as periarteritis nodosa, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Takayasu's arteritis invade the cerebral arteries or their branches, hemiplegia may occur. About 20% of systemic lupus erythematosus have vasculitis, mainly in the small arteries, causing microthrombosis in the brain and TIA. Polyarteritis nodosa involves medium and small blood vessels, which are not easy to detect by angiography. Arterial fibromuscular dysplasia is a systemic disease. When it involves the internal carotid artery, cerebral aneurysm, thrombosis, embolism, dermatomyositis, Wegener's granulomatosis, juvenile temporal arteritis, pulselessness, Behcet's disease, etc. are all possible causes of cerebral infarction in children.

Above we talked about some causes of acute hemiplegia in children. It may be related to many factors, such as infection, trauma, or some congenital heart diseases in children, which can lead to these diseases. If the child has such a situation, be sure to go to the hospital for treatment in time, and do not delay the best time for the child's treatment.