Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease Prevention and Treatment Guide

There are many kinds of common diseases in life, and good methods are also needed for the treatment of diseases. Before treating the disease, it is necessary to have a good understanding of all aspects of the disease, so that it will be of great help when treating the disease. Common treatment methods are mainly based on drugs and surgery. These treatment methods are very effective in stabilizing the patient's disease. What are the guidelines for the prevention and treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease?

Hand, foot and mouth disease is a common disease among children nowadays. This type of disease has a great impact on children's bodies. Therefore, when treating this type of disease, it must be done in a timely manner. What are the guidelines for the prevention and treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease?

Hand, foot and mouth disease prevention and treatment guide:

Fever care

If the child is listless, afraid of cold, has chills, has cold extremities, has rapid breathing, has a red face, etc., the temperature should be measured immediately. For children with high fever, physical cooling methods such as wiping with warm water and reducing clothing and bedding should be used. The room temperature should be kept at around 20°C, and the temperature of warm water for bathing should be 38°C. Use a towel to dip in water, wring it dry, and wipe the child's entire body. The body temperature of children with hand, foot and mouth disease is between 37.8℃ and 40℃. With the same fever type, a small number of children have chills and shivering. During the fever period, nurses should strengthen temperature monitoring and grasp the dynamics of body temperature. For children with a body temperature between 37.5C ​​and 38.5℃, physical cooling methods such as heat dissipation, drinking more warm water, and taking warm baths can be given. Children with a body temperature above 38.5℃ can be given pediatric antipyretics such as Tylenol and Toxanthine. Children with a history of high fever convulsions should take preventive measures. Measure body temperature 30 minutes after cooling to understand the cooling effect, replenish water in time, and encourage the child to drink water. Children with fever should rest in bed. Those with low fever can reduce activities as appropriate and pay attention to oral care. They should change clothes in time during the fever-reducing period and after sweating to prevent cold.

Oral Care

The oral cavity has the highest invasion rate, with more than 90% of children having damage to the oral mucosa. Children will refuse to eat, drool, cry and cannot sleep due to oral pain. Keep the oral cavity clean and rinse the mouth with saline before and after meals. For children who cannot rinse their mouths, use a cotton swab dipped in saline to gently clean the portal cavity. Vitamin B2 powder and dioctahedral montmorillonite powder can be evenly mixed and applied directly to the areas of oral erosion. Dioctahedral montmorillonite powder has a unique covering ability for oral ulcer wounds, and is unique in alleviating symptoms and promoting wound healing. It also has a strong adsorption effect on viruses and various bacteria, and fixes viruses and bacteria on the mucosal surface. Then it is excreted from the body with saliva. This can prevent the oral mucosa from being further damaged by pathogens, or you can apply cod liver oil, or take vitamin B and vitamin C orally, supplemented by ultrasonic nebulization inhalation, to relieve pain, promote early healing of erosions, and prevent secondary bacterial infection.

skin care

The child's skin may develop multiple or even widespread inflammatory papules and herpes, coupled with irritation from sweating. The rash may become infected due to scratching by the child, and scratching the blisters and the exudation of blister fluid may cause the virus to spread. Therefore, the child should be bathed every night and change into soft cotton underwear; do not use soap or shower gel when bathing; and keep the child's fingernails and toenails short. Wear long sleeves and long pants to cover your hands and feet; apply gentian violet solution to the ulcerated areas in time, and avoid the damaged areas when giving various injections or applying adhesive tape. If necessary, the child can wear cotton gloves and the underwear should be loose and breathable. Wear soft-soled shoes and walk less to reduce skin damage, thereby avoiding pain and secondary infection. Use warm water for bathing, and the water temperature should not be too high. In the early stages of a rash on the hands and feet, you can apply calamine lotion. When herpes forms or breaks, you can apply 0.5% iodine tincture. Clean your skin promptly after sweating, change your clothes and bedding, and keep the sheets flat, clean and free of debris. Strengthen buttocks care to prevent diaper rash, explain skin self-care methods and risk factors for skin damage to children and their families, and apply antibiotic ointment to the affected area if there is infection.

Diet care

Give high-calorie, high-protein, easily digestible liquid or semi-liquid food. The food temperature should be slightly cool and not too salty to reduce irritation to the oral ulcer surface. Avoid spicy food. Children who are in obvious pain and refuse to eat should be given appropriate intravenous fluid replacement and rinse their mouths with saline or warm water before and after eating, because blisters and ulcers of varying degrees in the oral mucosa accompanied by pain will affect their diet.

Through the above introduction, we have a good understanding of the guidelines for the prevention and treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease. After these situations occur, we can treat them according to the above methods, but it should be noted that when treating this type of disease, it must be carried out for a long time, which is conducive to stabilizing the patient's disease and preventing the disease from continuing to develop.