What is the reason why fat children have black necks?

There are many fat children in our lives, and obesity is a problem that many people are very worried about. Many clinical diseases are also caused by obesity, so we must pay attention to diet control. Some fat children will have obvious black symptoms on their necks. The reasons why the necks of fat children turn black are quite complicated. If this happens for a long time, it must be taken seriously. So what is the reason for the black necks of fat children?

1. Acanthosis nigricans

A fat child with a dark neck may have acanthosis nigricans, which is also known as black keratosis or pigmented papillary dystrophy. It is a rare skin disease characterized by darkening of skin color and papillary or velvety hyperplasia. It is generally believed that this may involve stimulation of tyrosine kinase growth factor receptor signaling pathways within the epidermis. There is also evidence that insulin plays a role, and severe insulin resistance is often associated with acanthosis nigricans. The incidence of acanthosis nigricans in women with hyperandrogenism is 5% to 29%. Obesity is closely related to acanthosis nigricans, and the two are positively correlated. The changes in the rash not only correlate with the degree of obesity, but also improve as the weight decreases.

2. Symptoms

The rash initially presents as a darkening of the skin color, becoming gray-brown or gray-brown, with a dry, rough surface. Then the skin thickens, with many tiny papillary protrusions on the surface, appearing velvety and soft to the touch. As the disease progresses, the skin becomes thicker, the skin lines widen and deepen, there are papillary or wart-like nodules on the surface, and large wart-like growths may appear. It often occurs in skin folds, such as the neck, armpits, groin, under the nipples, umbilicus, anus and external genitalia. Hyperkeratosis often occurs on the palms and soles. Sometimes it may occur on the face, elbows, knees, and extensor surfaces of the fingers and toes. Acanthosis nigricans is divided into 8 types. The rashes of each type are basically the same, but the severity and scope of involvement are different. In severe cases, almost the entire body's skin is affected.

3. Treatment

For patients with malignant acanthosis nigricans, visceral tumors must be actively searched for and surgically removed. Cyproheptadine can also be used to inhibit the release of tumor products. For obesity-type acanthosis nigricans, it is necessary to correct obesity, actively participate in physical exercise, and control diet to lose weight. As the weight decreases, the acanthosis nigricans will be cured. For those caused by drugs, all suspected causative drugs should be discontinued in time. The rash can heal on its own after stopping the drugs. For patients with benign type, if skin color changes and skin tags affect beauty, surgical operation or electrocautery treatment can be performed; for syndromic type, the treatment of the syndrome is the main treatment.