Red urine in children

If children are found to be urinating red urine, parents must not allow their condition to develop and must take them to the hospital for treatment in time, because this red urine is actually what people often call hematuria. If it occurs, it will seriously affect their physical health, especially for boys, it will also affect the normal development and growth of their reproductive organs in the future.

There are many causes of hematuria, which can be roughly divided into four categories according to the definition of macroscopic hematuria:

① Lesions of the urinary system itself: such as pyelonephritis, cystitis, renal tuberculosis, etc.; immune response diseases: such as glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, etc.; urinary stones, such as ureteral and kidney stones, etc.; urinary system tumors: such as bladder cancer, kidney cancer, etc.; trauma, renal infarction, renal ptosis, drugs and poisons (such as sulfonamides, gentamicin, kanamycin, carbon tetrachloride poisoning), etc. This type of hematuria is mainly caused by renal blood vessel rupture or increased capillary wall permeability.

② Lesions of organs adjacent to the urinary system: such as prostatitis, seminal vesiculitis, acute salpingitis, uterine or rectal tumors, etc. This type of hematuria is mostly the result of inflammation spreading to the urinary system, causing increased capillary permeability in the urinary tract system.

③ Systemic diseases: such as sepsis, acute bacterial endocarditis, leptospirosis, hemorrhagic fever and other infections; blood diseases, systemic diseases such as leukemia, aplastic anemia, hemophilia, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, thrombocytopenia; hematuria caused by cardiovascular diseases such as congestive heart failure, renal artery sclerosis, connective tissue diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa, etc. According to clinical observations, gross hematuria is most commonly caused by tumors, tuberculosis and stones in the urinary system. When encountering a patient with hematuria, the bleeding site and cause should be determined based on the clinical situation.

④ Exercise-induced hematuria: refers to transient hematuria that suddenly occurs in healthy people after strenuous exercise. It is closely related to excessive exercise intensity, rapid increase in exercise volume, and decreased physical function. Clinical examination, laboratory tests and special examinations could not find other abnormal changes and causes. Most cases of exercise-induced hematuria present as microscopic hematuria, and a few present as macroscopic hematuria. Generally, there are no other abnormal symptoms and signs after exercise, only fatigue. After the exercise is stopped, the hematuria disappears quickly, generally within 3 days. The prognosis is good and there is no impact on physical health. The occurrence of exercise-induced hematuria may serve as a signal of maladaptation to the exercise load or a decline in physical function.