What causes convulsions in children?

What is Jingzhe? In fact, the occurrence of cervical spondylosis is related to many reasons, such as some infectious problems, especially intracranial infection, which is common in meningitis or acute gastroenteritis, and brain trauma, etc., which may be inducements.

1. Infectivity

(1) Intracranial infection: seen in meningitis, encephalitis, brain abscess, etc., with purulent meningitis and viral encephalitis being the most common. Viral infections can cause viral encephalitis and Japanese encephalitis; bacterial infections can cause purulent meningitis, tuberculous meningitis, and brain abscesses; fungal infections can cause new cryptococcal encephalitis, etc.; parasitic infections such as cerebral cysticercosis, cerebral malaria, cerebral schistosomiasis, and cerebral paragonimiasis. Intrauterine infection (TORCH infection) and cytomegalovirus infection in infants can also cause convulsions.

(2) Extracranial infection: Acute gastroenteritis, toxic bacillary dysentery, sepsis, otitis media, tetanus, whooping cough, severe pneumonia and other acute and severe infections. High fever, acute toxic encephalopathy and brain microcirculation disorders can cause brain cell ischemia and tissue edema, which can lead to convulsions. During the special period of brain development in children, special convulsions may occur due to fever - febrile convulsions. They are the most common type of convulsions in extracranial infections. They are convulsions that occur when the child's fever is above 38°C due to infections outside the central nervous system of the child. They often occur in the early stages of upper respiratory tract infections or certain infectious diseases.

2. Non-infectious

(1) Intracranial diseases: common in craniocerebral injuries (such as birth injuries, brain trauma), craniocerebral hypoxia (such as neonatal asphyxia, drowning), intracranial hemorrhage (such as late-onset vitamin K1 deficiency, cerebrovascular malformations), intracranial space-occupying diseases (such as brain tumors, brain cysts), brain developmental abnormalities (such as congenital hydrocephalus), cerebral palsy and neurocutaneous syndrome. There are also brain degenerative diseases (such as demyelinating encephalopathy, macular degeneration) and other brain diseases (such as bilirubin encephalopathy), white matter degeneration, etc.

(2) Extracranial diseases

①Epilepsy syndrome: such as grand mal seizures and infantile spasms.

② Metabolic abnormalities: such as congenital glucose metabolism abnormalities such as galactosemia, glycogen disease, and hereditary fructose intolerance, congenital fat metabolism disorders such as Niemann-Pick disease, Gaucher disease, mucopolysaccharidosis, and leukodystrophy, congenital amino acid metabolism disorders such as phenylketonuria, maple syrup urine disease, histidinemia, and ornithinemia, and copper metabolism disorders such as Wilson's disease can also cause convulsions.

③ Poisoning: Children often suffer from convulsions due to accidental ingestion of poisons, drugs or drug overdose, direct effects of poisons or indirect effects on brain function such as metabolic disorders and hypoxia caused by poisoning. Common poisons include: carbon monoxide, organophosphorus pesticides, organochlorine insecticides, rodenticides, metals (lead, mercury, thallium), plants (poisonous mushrooms, datura, Xanthium sibiricum), food (gingko, bitter almonds), etc. Common medicines include: atropine, camphor, chlorpromazine, isoniazid, steroids, aminophylline, strychnine, etc.

④ Water and electrolyte disorders: such as severe dehydration, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, and hypernatremia.