Diagnosis of active tuberculosis in children

Active tuberculosis refers to new smear-positive, retreated smear-positive and new smear-negative patients. So what are the diagnostic methods for active tuberculosis in children? After the patient becomes ill, he must go to a regular hospital for examination as soon as possible. X-rays can be used to examine the lungs. If there are exudative lesions, proliferative lesions, etc. in the lungs, it should be taken seriously and the disease should be treated actively.

(1) Patients with exudative lesions, caseous lesions with peripheral exudative lesions, cavities, and proliferative lesions (hematogenous pulmonary tuberculosis) on X-ray examination of the lungs, and who have never received anti-tuberculosis treatment;

(2) Patients with exudative lesions, caseous lesions with peripheral exudative lesions, cavities, and proliferative lesions (hematogenous pulmonary tuberculosis) on X-ray examination of the lungs, and who are undergoing regular anti-tuberculosis treatment but have not completed the prescribed course of treatment;

(3) Patients who were previously positive for sputum tuberculosis and are undergoing regular anti-tuberculosis treatment but have not completed the prescribed course of treatment, and whose sputum tuberculosis test has now become negative;

(4) Patients with negative tuberculosis bacteria who have been on anti-tuberculosis treatment for less than 3 months, or patients with positive tuberculosis bacteria who have been on anti-tuberculosis treatment for less than 5 months for first-time patients and less than 6 months for retreatment patients, who have been on anti-tuberculosis treatment for less than 2 months and whose sputum tuberculosis test is negative at this time;

(5) Patients who were originally negative for tuberculosis have been treated for more than 3 months, or those who were initially positive for tuberculosis have been treated for more than 5 months, or those who were re-treated for tuberculosis have been treated for more than 6 months, and have been discontinued for more than 2 months. The current sputum tuberculosis test is negative, but the X-ray examination shows that the number of pulmonary tuberculosis lesions is significantly increased compared with the previous chest X-ray and/or there are new cavities, or the symptoms of tuberculosis poisoning are obvious and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is increased. If only this chest X-ray is available, after at least 3 months of observation, if new active lesions are found, the number of lesions is increased compared with the previous ones, new cavities appear, or the sputum turns positive, they are all considered to be active pulmonary tuberculosis. [1]

The above analysis on the diagnostic methods of active tuberculosis in children is hoped to be of some help to patients. Parents should also take good care of their children in daily life to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis. In particular, they should pay attention to the hygiene habits of the children and develop the habit of washing hands frequently.