Once a child is infected with Helicobacter pylori, he or she will be harmed and then gradually develop various symptoms of the disease, such as the child not liking to eat, poor digestion, and a series of symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, nausea and vomiting. 1. Hp is a chronic source of infection. After entering the body, it mainly settles in the gastric mucosa, causing a series of pathological changes and leading to different clinical consequences. Common Hp-related diseases in children are mainly chronic active gastritis, duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer, rare are gastric MALT lymphoma and rare gastric adenocarcinoma. Therefore, the clinical manifestations after infection with Hp are also the symptoms of these diseases, such as upper abdominal pain, fullness, early satiety, anorexia or upper gastrointestinal bleeding. 2. Children with chronic gastritis: have varying degrees of indigestion symptoms with varying severity of clinical manifestations and a prolonged course of the disease. The main symptom is recurrent abdominal pain with no obvious regularity that usually worsens after eating. The exact location of pain is usually around the navel. Young children may only experience restlessness and changes in normal eating behavior when experiencing abdominal pain, while older children may experience symptoms similar to those of adults, often complaining of upper abdominal pain followed by belching, early satiety, nausea, upper abdominal discomfort, and acid reflux. Eating hard, cold, spicy food or catching a cold or when the temperature drops may trigger or aggravate the symptoms. Some children may have loss of appetite, fatigue, weight loss and dizziness, and those with gastric erosion may have black stools. The physical signs are mostly not obvious, and the tenderness may be located in the upper and middle abdomen or around the navel, covering a wide range. 3. Neonatal period: The main feature is sudden upper gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation, which often starts acutely and is easily misdiagnosed with symptoms such as vomiting blood, bloody stools, abdominal distension and peritonitis. Most cases in this period are acute stress ulcers with a high mortality rate. The disease most often occurs within 24 to 48 hours after birth. 4. Infancy and childhood: Children in this period often have acute onset, irritability, poor appetite, sudden vomiting of blood, and black stools. In the early stages, they may have loss of appetite, repeated vomiting and abdominal pain, and delayed growth and development. 5. Preschool period: During this period, abdominal pain symptoms are obvious, mostly located around the navel and occurring intermittently, with unclear relationship with diet. Nausea, vomiting, acid reflux, anemia and upper gastrointestinal bleeding are also common. 6. School age: With increasing age, clinical manifestations become similar to those of adults, with symptoms mainly including upper abdominal pain and periumbilical pain, sometimes with night pain, or acid reflux, belching, or chronic anemia. A few people present with painless black stools, fainting, or even shock. |
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