What causes nose bleeding in children?

Parents will be very anxious when their children have nosebleeds. Many factors can cause nosebleeds, the most common ones are high fever, trauma, foreign objects in the nasal cavity, and rhinitis. If your child has frequent nosebleeds, you must go to the hospital for examination and treatment in time.

1. Acute febrile infectious diseases : In childhood, some infectious diseases with rapid onset and high fever often occur, especially upper respiratory tract infections. When high fever occurs, the blood vessels of the skin and mucous membranes throughout the body become congested and swollen, and the nasal mucosa also undergoes such pathological changes. Acute congestion and swelling of the nasal mucosa are more likely to cause rupture and bleeding, because the blood vessels of the nasal mucosa are superficial. Once the fever is severe, coupled with the external force of blowing the nose hard, the blood vessels under the mucosa will rupture and bleed.

2. Trauma : The nose is an organ exposed on the body surface. Once trauma occurs, such as blows or falls, the nose will naturally be the first to be affected. Under the impact of severe trauma, the blood vessels under the mucosa will rupture and bleed.

3. Picking the nose : Strictly speaking, picking the nose should also be included in the scope of trauma. Out of curiosity and discomfort, children often like to use their fingers to dig blindly in their nasal cavity. This is a bad habit that is not only unhygienic but also easily causes local nasal mucosal bleeding. The place where people usually pick their nose is at the front and lower part of the nasal septum. There are many blood vessels in this area, and many tiny blood vessels are interwoven into a network like a spider web. The blood vessels are superficial and very thin, and are located at the opening of the nasal cavity. Just digging with your hands can break the blood vessels. More than 90% of nosebleeds in children occur here.

4. Foreign objects in the nasal cavity : Normally, there is nothing blocking the nasal cavity except some nasal secretions, allowing breathing to be free and unobstructed. But sometimes, children like to put some small objects into their nasal cavity for fun, such as peanut kernels, melon seeds, fruit cores, soybeans, plastic paper, small metal toys, etc. Once these objects are stuck in the nose and become foreign bodies, the child cannot take them out by himself and dare not make any noise. Over time, they are forgotten and remain in the nasal cavity. Some foreign objects swell and mold when they come into contact with water in the nasal cavity, causing infection, erosion and bleeding of the nasal mucosa. Sometimes, due to the adverse stimulation of foreign objects, the nasal mucosa may also cause traumatic bleeding.

5. Hematological diseases : You should know that the blood in the human body's blood vessels must neither bleed nor coagulate, which is entirely determined by some special factors in the blood. If under the influence of certain factors, some factors in the blood will undergo a series of changes, making it difficult for blood vessels and blood to coagulate after bleeding occurs. These diseases include leukemia, hemophilia, thrombocytopenic purpura, aplastic anemia, etc., collectively known as blood glass. This is the direct cause of nosebleeds in children, and can cause repeated and heavy bleeding.

6. Rhinitis and sinusitis : Children are also prone to acute and chronic rhinitis and sinusitis. Once this inflammation occurs, the mucosa in the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses becomes congested and swollen, and mucopurulent nasal discharge occurs from time to time. Under the stimulation of the purulent nasal discharge, the blood vessels under the mucosa will also bleed.