What does it look like when a child has water beans?

If a child develops chickenpox, more careful observation is required, because the incubation period of this disease is relatively long, about 12 days. Some children will not notice any discomfort during the incubation period, but after the incubation period is over, the onset will become very sudden. Parents will find that the child has general weakness, accompanied by nausea and vomiting.

The incubation period of the disease is 12 to 21 days, with an average of 14 days. The onset is relatively acute. Older children and adults may have prodromal symptoms such as fever, headache, general fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, etc. before the rash appears. In children, the rash and systemic symptoms appear at the same time.

The rash appears within 24 hours of onset, first on the scalp and compressed parts of the trunk, with a centripetal distribution. At first, it is a small pink macule, which quickly turns into a round tense blister the size of a rice grain to a pea, with a noticeable red halo around it, and the center of the blister is umbilical. Mucous membranes are also often invaded, such as the oral cavity, pharynx, conjunctiva, vulva, and anus.

During the eruption period of 1 to 6 days, the rash appears in batches one after another. The skin lesions evolve from small red maculopapules → blisters → scabs → descending, and no scars are left after descending. There is obvious pain and itching during the blister stage, and if secondary infection occurs due to scratching, slight indentations may be left. Weak people may develop high fever, and about 4% of adults may develop disseminated varicella and varicella pneumonia.

The clinical manifestations of varicella include bullous varicella, hemorrhagic varicella, neonatal varicella, adult varicella, etc. In addition, if chickenpox is infected during pregnancy, it can cause fetal malformation, premature birth or stillbirth.

The following laboratory tests may be performed if necessary:

1. Electron Microscopy

By taking fresh herpes fluid for electron microscopic examination, herpes virus particles can be seen, which can be quickly distinguished from smallpox virus.

2. Virus Isolation

Within 3 days of onset, herpes fluid was collected and inoculated into human embryo amniotic tissue, and the virus isolation positive rate was high.

3. Serological examination

The commonly used test is the complement fixation test. Complement fixation antibodies will appear in the serum of varicella patients 1 to 4 days after diagnosis, reach a peak in 2 to 6 weeks, and gradually decrease after 6 to 12 months. The antibody titer of double serum increases by more than 4 times. Indirect fluorescent antibody test

4. PCR method

The PCR method for detecting viral DNA in nasopharyngeal secretions is a sensitive and rapid means of early diagnosis.

5. Blood picture

The total white blood cell count is normal or slightly decreased, and the lymphocyte count is increased.

6. Herpes scraping or biopsy

Fresh herpes basement material was scraped and examined for multinucleated giant cells using Wright or Giemsa stain, and intranuclear inclusion bodies were examined using acid stain.