What are the effects of neonatal asphyxia?

For a mother, the happiest thing is the moment the baby is born and she becomes a real mother. However, taking care of a baby is a very difficult thing, especially for inexperienced mothers. These are challenges. Some newborns may suffocate in the womb or after birth. So what are the factors that lead to suffocation?

The essence of asphyxia is hypoxia. Any factor that can cause a decrease in the blood oxygen concentration of the fetus or newborn can cause asphyxia. One cause can affect the body through different pathways, or multiple causes can act at the same time. Neonatal asphyxia is mostly caused by prenatal or intrapartum factors, and postnatal factors are less common. Common causes are as follows:

1. Maternal factors (1) Maternal hypoxic diseases: such as respiratory failure, cyanotic congenital heart disease, severe anemia and CO poisoning.

(2) Diseases causing placental circulation disorders: such as congestive heart failure, pregnancy-induced hypertension, chronic nephritis, blood loss, shock, diabetes and infectious diseases.

(3) Others: The incidence of fetal asphyxia is high when the pregnant mother takes drugs, smokes or is exposed to passive smoking, or when the pregnant mother is ≥35 years old, <16 years old, or when there are multiple pregnancies.

2. Placental abnormalities such as placenta previa, placental abruption and placental insufficiency.

3. Umbilical cord abnormalities such as compression, being too short, being too long causing the cord to wrap around the neck or body, prolapse, twisting or tangling, etc.

4. Delivery factors such as dystocia, high forceps, breech presentation, unsuccessful vacuum extraction of the fetal head; improper use of anesthetics, analgesics and oxytocin during delivery, etc.

5. Fetal factors (1) Premature birth: premature babies, small for gestational age babies, macrosomia, etc.

(2) Deformities: various deformities such as choanal atresia, laryngeal webs, atelectasis, congenital heart disease, and damage to the nervous system caused by intrauterine infection.

(3) Respiratory tract obstruction: Meconium inhalation leading to respiratory tract obstruction, etc.

Sometimes it may be caused by various causes, which will result in a series of physiological changes. Cell damage may occur, especially brain cells or myocardial cells, liver and kidney cells. These are important components of the human body. Once a problem occurs, the consequences will be very serious.