What are the clinical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome in children?

It is not uncommon for children to suffer from nephrotic syndrome, and this disease phenomenon has become a serious problem that affects children's physical health. Therefore, everyone can understand the clinical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome in children so that it can be effectively treated and solved. The following are the clinical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome in children.

1. Simple primary nephrotic syndrome.

It often occurs in children and adolescents. The male to female ratio is approximately 2:1.

1. There is pitting edema all over the body, especially on the face, lower limbs, and scrotum. There is often ascites. Generally, the general condition is good and there is no hypertension.

2. Oliguria, urine protein mostly ranging from +++ to +++++, quantitative >0.1g/(kg?d). Urine microscopy occasionally reveals a small number of red blood cells.

3. The total plasma protein is lower than normal, and the albumin decreases more significantly (<30g/L). Serum protein electrophoresis shows that the albumin ratio decreases, the globulin ratio increases, and the r-globulin decreases. Blood cholesterol was significantly increased (>5.7mmol/L), and serum complement was normal.

4. Renal function is generally normal. When there is obvious oliguria during the edema period, there may be temporary mild azotemia.

2. Nephritic nephrotic syndrome.

The age of onset is mostly during school age, and the clinical features are as follows:

1. The age of onset is mostly seen in children over 7 years old, and the edema is generally not serious.

2. Blood pressure may rise to varying degrees, often with paroxysmal or persistent hypertension and hematuria.

3. Serum complement may be reduced, and there may be varying degrees of azotemia.

3. Congenital nephrotic syndrome is rare and is mostly a recessive genetic disease.

It is more common in the neonatal period and within three months after birth, and the symptoms are similar to simple kidney disease.

Only by mastering and understanding this common sense can we avoid these diseases and the adverse effects on children's health as much as possible. At the same time, in life, parents should be reminded to understand their baby's body when taking care of him, whether there are some abnormal conditions, and to treat problems scientifically and promptly if they are found.