Swollen lymph nodes in the neck of children

Children are the hope and future of the motherland, and they are the flowers of the motherland. No parents want their children to have any diseases. They all want their children to be healthy and have a bright future. However, if a child has something different from others, parents are very anxious. Swollen lymph nodes in the neck of children are also a common disease. Let me introduce it to you below~

1. Infection

Acute and chronic inflammation caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, etc., such as acute cellulitis, purulent tonsillitis, gingivitis, infectious mononucleosis, scrub typhus, tuberculosis, etc.

2. Tumor

(1) Lymphoma;

(2) Various types of acute and chronic leukemia;

(3) Plasma cell tumors: multiple myeloma, primary macroglobulinemia;

(4) Tumor metastasis: lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, etc.

3. Reactive hyperplasia

(1) Necrotizing hyperplastic lymphadenopathy;

(2) Serum sickness and serum sickness-like reactions;

(3) Allergic subsepsis;

(4) Systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatism, etc.

4. Abnormal cell proliferation and metabolism

(1) Langerhans histiocytosis (histiocytosis X);

(2) lipid storage disease;

(3) Sarcoidosis.

examine

1. Blood picture

The total number and classification of peripheral blood leukocytes have certain reference value for determining the cause of lymphadenopathy. Lymphadenopathy accompanied by an increase in total white blood cell count and neutrophilia is common in bacterial infection; lymphadenopathy accompanied by a normal or decreased total white blood cell count and an increase in lymphocytosis is often considered a viral infection; atypical lymphocytes (10% to 20% or more) may be found in patients with infectious mononucleosis; eosinophilia suggests parasitic infection or eosinophilic granuloma; lymphadenopathy accompanied by peripheral blood immature cells is mostly a leukemia.

2. Bone marrow examination

Bone marrow smear cell morphology examination, bone marrow pathology examination, bone marrow flow cytology examination, etc. are of decisive significance for the diagnosis of leukemia and lymphoma.

3. Serological examination

Such as EBV, CMV IgM, antinuclear antibody spectrum, etc.

4. Lymph node puncture needle aspiration smear examination

5. Lymph node pathology examination

6. Tumor marker testing

If a solid tumor is highly suspected, tumor markers can be used to assist in diagnosis.

diagnosis

1. Enlargement of lymph nodes in one area is called localized lymphadenopathy, which is often seen in nonspecific lymphadenitis, lymph node tuberculosis and metastasis of malignant tumors. The primary lesion should be found according to the lymphatic drainage area. If lymph nodes are swollen in more than two areas, it should be considered as systemic lymphadenopathy, which is more common in acute and chronic lymphadenitis, infectious mononucleosis, leukemia, lymphoma, leptospirosis, scrub typhus, brucellosis, serum sickness, connective tissue disease, etc.

2. Associated symptoms can provide important clues to the cause of swollen lymph nodes.

(1) Patients with swollen lymph nodes accompanied by infection foci in the corresponding drainage areas, such as swollen submandibular and submental lymph nodes accompanied by tonsillitis and gingivitis, swollen axillary lymph nodes accompanied by mastitis, swollen postauricular lymph nodes accompanied by scalp infection, and swollen left inguinal lymph nodes accompanied by erysipelas of the left lower limb, can be diagnosed with nonspecific lymphadenitis.

(2) Lymph node enlargement accompanied by pain is usually caused by acute inflammation, often with local redness, swelling, heat and other inflammatory manifestations; while painless lymph node enlargement is common in malignant tumor metastasis, lymphoma, etc. Local lymph node enlargement accompanied by low fever, night sweats, and weight loss may indicate lymph node tuberculosis, malignant lymphoma, or other malignant tumors.

(3) Lymph node enlargement accompanied by periodic fever is often seen in malignant lymphoma; systemic lymph node enlargement accompanied by fever is seen in infectious mononucleosis, leukemia, lymphoma, etc., and occasionally in systemic lupus erythematosus.

(4) Lymph node enlargement accompanied by rash is often seen in certain infectious diseases or allergic diseases, and one should also be alert to lymphoma.

Every parent wants their child to be well and live a good life. Many children have encountered the problem of swollen lymph nodes in the neck when they were young. In this case, parents should not panic. It may be just a common minor illness. Don't worry if you encounter a serious problem. The current medical level is very high. Cooperate with the doctor well and treat it seriously, and it will definitely be cured.