Children's waist erythema

There are many reasons for the appearance of erythema on the waist of children. The most common one is hemangioma. Generally speaking, hemangiomas are benign, so parents do not need to worry. As the child grows and develops, some hemangiomas will gradually disappear. Of course, some hemangiomas may gradually become larger with growth and development. In this case, you should go to the hospital for examination in time, perform angiography, and then receive symptomatic treatment.

1. Most hemangiomas are congenital, and a few are acquired.

2. Superficial hemangioma is flush with or slightly higher than normal skin, has an irregular shape, is bright red or purple, and is soft in texture. Deep hemangiomas are soft and fluctuating when palpated, and blood will be seen upon puncture. Posture tests may be positive.

3. Central hemangioma of the jaw is often discovered after tooth extraction or spontaneous bleeding. There may be bulging of the jaw, and X-rays show destruction of trabeculae, presenting as honeycomb-shaped shadows.

4. Deep hemangiomas can be confirmed by carotid angiography or local tumor cavity angiography.

The classification of hemangiomas is complex, and the traditional classification method is as follows:

1. Capillary hemangioma includes neonatal nevus (epidermal capillary hemangioma), intradermal capillary hemangioma (orange-red spot, port-wine stain, spider nevus), and strawberry capillary hemangioma.

2. Cavernous hemangioma and mixed (capillary and cavernous) hemangioma.

3. Racemose hemangioma.

4. Hemangiomatous syndrome: hereditary hemorrhagic vasodilatation, Sturge-Weber syndrome, Lindau-Hippel syndrome, Mafouchi syndrome, and Creutzfeldt-Germain syndrome.

Also known as epidermal capillary hemangioma, it is a reddish or bluish discoloration of the epidermis, usually located behind the midline of the head, in the neck or sacrum. It exists at birth and generally disappears on its own within a few months without the need for treatment.

2. Intradermal capillary hemangioma:

There are 3 clinical variants, which are present from birth. The characteristic is the presence of mature endothelial cell-organized capillaries in the dermis. They are mostly located in areas where sensory nerves are distributed, such as the trigeminal nerve.

(1) Orange-red spots: These are patches ranging from orange-red to rust-colored, which are flat and do not protrude above the skin surface. It is mostly found on the forehead, upper eyelids, nostrils, and pillow. It may fade due to pressure but will not disappear naturally. Drying, freezing, friction or X-ray irradiation are all ineffective. Generally no treatment is required. If necessary, it can be concealed with cosmetics and occasionally removed.

(2) Port-wine stains: dark purple in color, present at birth, and rarely expand. Facial port-wine stains may be associated with intracranial hemangioma, also known as Sturge-Weber syndrome. In recent years, surgical treatment has been widely used abroad. If the area is large, surgery can be performed in stages and skin grafting can be performed. The surgery should be performed before the age of 5 to avoid psychological effects on the child.

(3) Spider nevus: also known as stellate hemangioma, it is characterized by many radially dilated intradermal capillaries emanating from a subcutaneous central artery, which resembles a spider in shape. It often occurs on the face, arms, hands and upper trunk. Pressing the center can make spider nevi disappear. If it does not disappear naturally, you can use a red-hot needle to prick and burn the center of the tumor under a magnifying glass, which will be more effective.

Also called juvenile capillary hemangioma, it may disappear completely or partially. Usually appearing soon after birth, the tumor is often higher than the skin, bright red, lobed, and shaped like a strawberry. It often occurs on the face, scalp and neck. There was no significant change in compression. It usually disappears gradually between 1 and 4 years old. Surgery, cryosurgery, sclerotherapy, low voltage, short-distance radiotherapy and other methods can also be used.