What to do if your child has tuberculosis

When it comes to tuberculosis, many people will feel that it is a disease very far away from us, because in our country there have been very few patients suffering from tuberculosis many years ago, and the treatment methods for the disease are very effective, so there are very few patients suffering from tuberculosis. When a child contracts tuberculosis, he or she should go to a regular hospital for effective treatment and the body will recover quickly.

1. Systemic therapy

On the basis of systemic therapy, the child's body's ability to resist disease is fully mobilized so that the special anti-tuberculosis drugs can better exert their antibacterial effects. First of all, you should pay attention to proper nutrition and rest, and choose foods rich in protein and vitamins. Among them, vitamins A and C are particularly important.

2. Anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy

Chemotherapy, also known as chemotherapy, has made significant progress since the discovery of streptomycin and isoniazid in 1944, their synthesis and widespread use in 1950. Greatly improve the therapeutic effect of tuberculosis patients.

3. Hormone therapy

Adrenal cortex hormones can alleviate symptoms of poisoning, reduce allergic reactions, reduce inflammation and inhibit connective tissue proliferation. Therefore, appropriate and early application of hormone therapy can reduce fever, increase appetite, and promote secretion absorption. However, it has no specific effect on tuberculosis lesions and has serious side effects, so it should not be abused and indications must be strictly selected.

4. Surgical treatment

Surgical treatment is mainly used for segmental lobectomy or unilateral lung resection, sometimes with intrathoracic lymph node removal and pleural decortication.

The morphology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is slender, slightly curved, with blunt ends, often arranged in a branched manner, 2 to 5 microns long and about 0.2 to 0.5 microns wide.

Under an electron microscope, we can see that the outermost layer of the bacteria is the cell membrane, and the inner layer is the cytoplasmic membrane, which contains cytoplasm and many particles, which may be mitochondrial substances. After Mycobacterium tuberculosis is stained with aniline, it is not easy to be decolorized by acidic decolorizing agents, so it is also called acid-fast bacilli.

Growth characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Mycobacterium tuberculosis grows slowly, with a division and reproduction cycle of 14 to 22 hours. Its main nutritional requirements are glycerol, aspartic acid or glutamic acid, and inorganic salts such as phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, magnesium and a small amount of iron. It is an aerobic bacterium.

Classification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be divided into four types: human, bovine, avian and murine. Those that are pathogenic to humans are mainly human, followed by bovine. People infected with avian are very rare and have not been reported in China yet.

Infection with bovine tuberculosis is mainly caused by poor milk management and disinfection, and drinking milk from sick cows. It is rare nowadays.

Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis has strong resistance and can survive for 6 months in a dark and humid place indoors. Mycobacterium tuberculosis will die within 2 hours under direct sunlight and only 10 to 20 minutes under ultraviolet radiation.

When using ultraviolet rays, you should pay attention to the size of the irradiation range and the distance of the irradiation and decide the irradiation time. For example, if the distance is 1 meter, the range is 1.2 meters, and the irradiation time is 20 minutes, the tuberculosis bacteria can be killed.