What are the treatments for febrile seizures in children?

Children's health is the most concerning issue for parents, especially since children have low resistance and are easily affected by external stimuli and become ill. For example, children are very prone to febrile convulsions during sleep because their physical development is constantly improving and sleep is the peak of growth. When a child's nervous development is not synchronized with physical development, they are prone to nervous convulsions, of which febrile convulsions are a relatively common manifestation. This symptom is very harmful and will have a lifelong impact on the child's health. Let's take a look at how to treat febrile convulsions in children.

1. First aid measures

(1) General treatment: ① Keep the airway open and prevent suffocation. Perform tracheotomy if necessary. ②Prevent accidental injuries. ③Prevent hypoxic brain damage.

(2) Control convulsions ① Acupuncture method: Needle the Ren Zhong, Hegu, Shixuan, Neiguan, Yongquan and other acupoints. If the convulsions cannot be stopped within 2 to 3 minutes, the following drugs can be used. ② The anticonvulsant drug diazepam is often the drug of choice. However, it should be noted that this drug has an inhibitory effect on breathing and heartbeat. Chloral hydrate is prepared into a 10% solution and retained for enema. Phenobarbital sodium intramuscular injection. Chlorpromazine intramuscular injection. Amobarbital sodium (amytal sodium) is diluted with 10% glucose to a 1% solution and injected intravenously. Stop the injection when the seizure stops.

2. General treatment

Make the child lie on his side, unbutton his collar, clear secretions and vomit from his mouth, nose, and throat to prevent suffocation by inhalation, and keep his airway open. Place a dental pad between the upper and lower molars to prevent tongue bite. For severe cases, give oxygen; for those with high fever, physical cooling or antipyretic drugs should be given.

3. Infection Control

Antibiotics should be used for infectious convulsions.

4. Treatment of the cause

Take appropriate treatment measures according to different causes. Management of status convulsus:

(1) Immediately stop the convulsions as usual.

(2) Hyperthermia can be controlled by physical cooling (ice cap or cold compress on the head), drug cooling, or artificial hibernation.

(3) Strengthen nursing care and closely observe the child's body temperature, respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, skin color, pupil size and urine volume.

(4) Reduce intracranial pressure. If convulsions last for more than 2 hours, cerebral edema is likely to occur, and dehydration therapy should be used to reduce intracranial pressure.

(5) Maintain water and electrolyte balance. For those without severe fluid loss, fluids should be replenished according to basal metabolism to maintain mild dehydration and low sodium status to help control cerebral edema.

(6) Neurotrophic agents and antioxidant treatments: The use of antioxidants such as vitamins A, E, C and mannitol can prevent and treat convulsive brain damage. At the same time, neurotrophic drugs such as vitamin B1, B6, B12, and Nootropics can be used together.