How to treat bronchial asthma in children?

Children will always suffer from various diseases as they grow up, the most common ones are colds, fevers, etc. I believe many parents are familiar with childhood bronchial asthma. Common manifestations of this type of disease are severe coughing, shortness of breath, and possible suffocation. So, how should this kind of pediatric bronchial asthma be treated? What should we pay attention to in daily life?

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1. Treatment principles

Asthma control treatment should be started as early as possible. We must adhere to the principles of long-term, continuous, standardized and individualized treatment. Treatment includes: ① Acute attack period: rapid relief of symptoms, such as antiasthmatic and anti-inflammatory treatment; ② Chronic persistence period and clinical remission period: preventing symptom aggravation and recurrence, such as avoiding triggering factors, anti-inflammatory, reducing airway hyperresponsiveness, preventing airway remodeling, and doing a good job of self-management. Emphasis should be placed on the combination of drug treatment and non-drug treatment, and the role of non-drug treatments in the long-term management of asthma, such as asthma prevention and treatment education, allergen avoidance, treatment of psychological problems in children, improvement of quality of life, and pharmacoeconomics, should not be neglected.

2. Treatment of acute asthma attacks

(1) β2 receptor agonists

β2 receptor agonists are the most widely used bronchodilators in clinical practice. Depending on how fast they take effect, they can be divided into rapid-acting and slow-acting categories; depending on how long they last, they can be divided into short-acting and long-acting categories. The efficacy of inhaled rapid-acting β2 receptor agonists can last for 4 to 6 hours, and it is the first choice drug for relieving acute symptoms of asthma. During a severe asthma attack, it can be inhaled once every 20 minutes in the first hour, and then repeatedly every 2 to 4 hours.

(2) Systemic glucocorticoids

Severe acute cases should be given short-term treatment with oral prednisone (1 to 7 days), 1 to 2 mg/kg per day, divided into 2 to 3 times. Long-term use of oral corticosteroids for the treatment of asthma in children is generally not recommended. In severe asthma attacks, methylprednisolone should be given intravenously at a dose of 2 to 6 mg/kg per day, divided into 2 to 3 infusions.

This type of pediatric bronchial asthma is not difficult to cure. In addition to taking medications under the correct advice of a doctor, more attention should be paid to the child's daily diet and schedule. Only in this way can it be cured with a high degree of success without leaving any sequelae. At the same time, in the spring when asthma is prone to relapse, remember to wear a mask when going out to prevent accidents.