What are the nursing measures for scarlet fever?

Many people do not know about scarlet fever. The disease mainly occurs in children, and children aged 5 to 15 are the most susceptible group. This is a respiratory disease. We should remind everyone that the disease is highly contagious. Therefore, if someone in the family has scarlet fever, measures must be taken to prevent the spread of the disease. On this basis, the following care should be provided to the patient.

Nursing measures for scarlet fever:

1. Fever care

Children in the acute phase need to rest in bed for 2 to 3 weeks to prevent complications and be given appropriate physical cooling, such as cold compresses on the head, warm water baths, or taking antipyretic and antipyretic drugs as prescribed by the doctor. Avoid cold water or alcohol baths.

2. Oral care

It is very important to keep the child's mouth clean, which is beneficial for killing bacteria in the throat and preventing secondary infection. For older children who can take care of themselves, be sure to rinse their mouths with warm salt water after meals or before and after going to bed. For children aged 1 to 2 years old, family members can use a tweezer to hold sterilized gauze or cotton dipped in warm salt water to wipe the mouth. Feeding water frequently can also achieve the purpose of cleaning the mouth.

3. Skin care

Keep your child's nails short to avoid scratching the skin. Do not tear it with your hands when peeling, you can use sterilized scissors to trim it to prevent infection. You can use warm water to wash the skin to relieve itching. Do not use soapy water or alcohol to wipe the skin. Apply calamine lotion if necessary. Clothes should be loose and you should avoid wearing synthetic or flannel underwear to avoid aggravating the itching. The mattress should be kept clean, dry, soft and flat.

4. Prevent complications

Pay attention to changes in blood pressure, and observe whether there is eyelid edema, decreased urine volume, or hematuria. Urinalysis was performed twice a week.

How to prevent scarlet fever in babies?

Currently, there is no vaccine to prevent scarlet fever. It is very important to take precautions in daily life. Pay attention to the following aspects:

First, maintain good living habits. Pay attention to weather changes at any time, add or remove clothes for children, eat a healthy diet, develop good living habits, strengthen physical exercise, educate children to wash their hands and rinse their mouths frequently, and try to avoid crowded places.

2. During the high-incidence season, especially when there are scarlet fever patients around, parents should pay close attention to the physical condition of their children. Once a child is found to have a fever or rash, he or she should be sent to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment in time.

3. Childcare institutions and schools should conduct morning and afternoon inspections, and any children suspected of having scarlet fever should be isolated immediately. Tableware, toys and furniture that have come into contact with the sick child should be disinfected. The room should be fully ventilated at least 3 times a day, each time for 15 minutes.

4. Children infected with scarlet fever should stay in bed, receive hospital treatment or be isolated at home, and avoid contact with other children. The quarantine period shall not be less than 7 days from the date of onset of illness. Children with suppurative complications should be isolated until the inflammation subsides.