What are the causes of high blood sugar in newborns?

Newborns are the hope and future of their parents. After birth, their bodies begin to develop gradually. Since they are not worried about the external environment, they usually develop various diseases. High blood sugar in newborns is one of them. There are many reasons for high blood sugar in newborns. Let us take a look at the reasons for high blood sugar in newborns.

1. Stress is a common cause of neonatal hyperglycemia.

2. Immature blood sugar regulation function: Newborns with poor glucose tolerance, especially premature infants and SGA infants, lack the Staub-Traugott effect that adults have (i.e., a decrease in blood sugar levels and a faster disappearance rate of glucose after repeated glucose infusions). This is related to the imperfect function of pancreatic B cells, the insensitive response to glucose infusion and the poor insulin activity. This is more obvious with smaller gestational age, lower body weight and younger age. The tolerance to sugar is lowest on the first day after birth. Those weighing less than 1kg may not even be able to tolerate a glucose infusion rate of 5 to 6mg/(kg·min).

3. Others:

Iatrogenic hyperglycemia is often caused by excessively fast glucose infusion in premature infants and very low birth weight infants, or by the inability of exogenous glucose infusion to inhibit endogenous glucose production during total parenteral nutrition. The mother used sugar and glucocorticoids for a short time before giving birth; the baby used hypertonic glucose, epinephrine and long-term glucocorticoids during resuscitation in the delivery room, which all have an impact on blood sugar levels; the use of aminophylline to treat apnea can activate liver glycogenolysis and inhibit glycogen synthesis.

Pathophysiology

Asphyxia, cold or sepsis can cause changes in catecholamines, cortisol, acid-base status, etc., and changes in glucagon, gluconeogenesis and insulin response leading to hyperglycemia. Endotoxicity can also directly affect the insulin response and cause hyperglycemia. Mostly transient.

The above are the reasons why newborns have high blood sugar. Some newborns have allergic constitutions and poor acceptance of sugar, so it is easy to cause high blood sugar. When newborns have high blood sugar, do not seek medical treatment or medication indiscriminately. Be sure to go to the hospital for examination and then take reasonable methods for treatment.