First aid and nursing care for children with high fever convulsions

When children are very young, if adults do not take good care of them or do not know how to take care of them, the children may sometimes become sick. Children have poor resistance and an imperfect immune system, so a high fever is a common symptom when children are sick. When a child around you gets sick, has a fever, or has a high fever convulsion, what should we as adults do? What can be done to help children recover from a high fever?

1. Keep the airway open. Immediately unbutton the child's collar, let him lie flat without a pillow, with his head tilted to one side (parents should never hug, press or shake the patient). Clear the secretions from his mouth and nose, and use a tongue depressor wrapped in gauze to fill the space between his upper and lower teeth to prevent him from biting his lips and tongue. If necessary, use tongue forceps to pull out the tongue to prevent it from falling back and causing suffocation. 2. Improve tissue hypoxia. Children with convulsions suffer from tissue hypoxia due to poor breathing and increased oxygen consumption. When the brain tissue is hypoxic, the permeability of cerebral blood vessels increases, which can cause brain tissue edema and worsen convulsions. The degree and duration of hypoxia have a certain impact on the occurrence and prognosis of convulsive brain injury. Therefore, oxygen inhalation should be given in time and the oxygen flow should be appropriately increased to quickly improve the tissue hypoxia. 3. Acupuncture for antispasm Acupuncture for antispasm is a simple, cost-effective and effective method for antispasm. Commonly used acupuncture points: Ren Zhong, Hegu, Shao Shang, Shi Xuan, etc. 3. For anticonvulsant drugs, convenient, fast-acting and low-toxic anticonvulsant drugs should be selected, and the dosage should be sufficient so that the child can achieve the goal of alleviating or stopping convulsions in a short period of time. If necessary, two drugs can be used in combination, such as diazepam, 10% chloral hydrate, chlorpromazine, phenobarbital, etc. 4. High fever can further aggravate convulsions, increase brain oxygen consumption and cause cerebral edema, so the body temperature should be controlled below 38°C. Drugs commonly used to reduce fever include chlorpheniramine and antonidine. The author feels that physical cooling is better than drug cooling, it is faster, relatively safe, and can be used repeatedly for a long time. The methods of physical cooling include warm and wet compresses, warm water baths, and ice packs applied to large blood vessels on the surface of the body. 5 Dehydration, diuresis, and reduction of intracranial pressure. Continuous and frequent severe convulsions are often caused by cerebral edema. Therefore, the appropriate use of dehydrating agents, reducing intracranial pressure, and controlling cerebral edema are also effective measures to treat certain severe convulsions. The following are commonly used: 20% mannitol, furosemide, dexamethasone, hypertonic glucose, etc. 6. Strengthen basic nursing care (1) Closely observe the child's consciousness, body temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure changes to promptly detect the progression of the disease. (2) Keep the ward quiet and the lighting soft. Avoid noise and bright light stimulation. The room temperature should be between 24℃ and 26℃, and the humidity should be 65%. (3) All treatment and nursing operations should be performed gently and centrally, and the movement of the child should be minimized. (4) During a seizure, the patient is prohibited from eating or drinking. Wait until the condition stabilizes before feeding by breastfeeding or nasogastric feeding.

Learn and master the above methods to help children dissipate heat, so that you will not feel flustered and at a loss when your child has a febrile convulsion. In addition, in order to protect children and prevent them from having febrile convulsions, we also need to carefully study some common knowledge and manifestations of febrile convulsions in children and do a good job of prevention.