Clinical manifestations and etiology of neonatal toxic erythema

To everyone, erythema toxicum neonatorum. What is erythema toxicum neonatorum? How to treat neonatal toxic erythema? Toxic erythema of the newborn, also known as neonatal urticaria, is a common disease in newborns with unknown cause. Urticaria is also known as "urticaria" or "rubella"; common people call it "urticaria". Because the symptoms of urticaria are similar to the skin damage that occurs when the human body comes into contact with the plant nettle, this skin disease is called urticaria. Urticaria comes and goes quickly, and leaves no trace after disappearing. Next, I will introduce you to toxic erythema of the newborn.

Neonatal toxic erythema, also known as neonatal urticaria, is a common disease in newborns. It is a transient skin disease of unknown cause that occurs within 2 weeks after birth and is characterized by erythema, papules and pustules. Most children develop the disease within 4 days after birth. Skin lesions can occur anywhere except the palms and soles, but are more likely to occur on pressure areas such as the buttocks, back, and shoulders, and the number may be more or less. The skin lesions may disappear after a few hours and reappear soon after. There are no other systemic symptoms and the disease heals on its own after 7 to 10 days.

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Causes

The cause of the disease is unknown. It may be a nonspecific reaction caused by external stimuli after birth, or an allergic reaction to certain antigenic substances from the mother's body, or a toxic reaction to substances absorbed by the intestine. Some also believe that it is a viral infection, but there is no definitive answer.

Clinical manifestations

1. Most cases develop within 4 days after birth, a few develop at birth, and the latest is about 2 weeks.

2. Skin lesions include erythema, papules, wheals and pustules. Some patients may first have diffuse erythema, followed by 1-3 mm yellowish or white papules and pustules with a solid base red halo, which are scattered and occasionally fused.

3. It can occur anywhere except the palms and soles, but it is more common in pressure areas such as the buttocks, back, and shoulders, and the number can be more or less. The skin lesions may disappear after a few hours and reappear soon after. There are no other systemic symptoms and the disease heals on its own after 7 to 10 days.

examine

Histopathology: There is mild edema in the upper dermis of the erythematous lesion, and a small amount of eosinophils, neutrophils and monocytes infiltration around the blood vessels. In the early stage of papules, the dermis is significantly edematous, and the infiltrating cells are mainly eosinophils. Pustules are located under the stratum corneum or in the pores or sweat pores of the epidermis and contain a large number of eosinophils.

In some cases, there is an increase in eosinophils in the blood, and no bacteria grow in the pustule culture, which is filled with a large number of eosinophils.

Differential Diagnosis

This disease needs to be differentiated from staphylococcal or streptococcal pyoderma, in which the bacterial culture of the blister fluid is positive. It also needs to be differentiated from prickly heat, which is mainly seen in hot and humid environments in summer and will disappear naturally when the climate is cool.

treat

The disease is self-limited and has no serious complications, so no isolation is required.

Prognosis

It can heal itself after 7 to 10 days. Relapse is rare.

The above is the introduction to neonatal toxic erythema. I hope this helps you all, and I wish you a speedy recovery.