What are the symptoms of measles in babies

Urticaria is a disease that often occurs in infants. This disease comes on very quickly and often occurs on the baby's head, face and body surface. When it occurs, it will cause unbearable itching. Babies may also use crying to express that they are not feeling well. Urticaria, which we also call rubella, mainly causes indigestion and even breathing difficulties in babies when it occurs. Parents should pay special attention to it.

Urticaria is commonly known as "wheal". It is a common skin disease, especially in children. The main symptoms are: several large or small red patches appear on the skin surface. These patches feel hard and are extremely itchy. If the skin is scratched lightly, it may cause the capillaries to rupture or be damaged, causing blood to seep out, leaving a raised red scratch on the skin surface.

Other symptoms:

1. The disease comes and goes quickly: If a child suffers from urticaria, the onset and recovery are usually very rapid, and no scars are left on the body surface.

2. High frequency of onset: This disease will recur repeatedly, even several times a day.

3. The site of onset is uncertain: Urticaria may occur in any part of the body. If it spreads to the intestines, patients may experience gastrointestinal reactions such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. They may also experience chest tightness, shortness of breath, wheezing, and difficulty breathing, and need to seek medical attention promptly.

What are the symptoms of urticaria

According to the speed of onset and the severity of the disease, urticaria can be divided into two categories: acute urticaria and chronic urticaria.

Acute urticaria

The disease develops rapidly and violently, and minor skin lesions may occur. Within a certain range, patches of various shapes and areas will appear. The boundaries of these patches are very clear. Some are round or oval, and some are irregular in shape.

The symptoms disappear very quickly, taking only about 30 minutes from the appearance of skin damage to the disappearance of symptoms, and no traces will be left on the skin. However, over time, these patches will reappear again and again, possibly several times a day.

Chronic urticaria

This type of urticaria has a higher incidence rate, and more than half of urticaria are chronic. The patient's skin and mucous membranes may become congested or bleeding, and even local edema may occur. Several rashes will appear on the skin surface, and the itching will be unbearable. Patients will often scratch them constantly, which will have the opposite effect and make the itching even worse.

The rash will appear again and again after being cured, and may last for several months or even a year. The disease may be acute or chronic, and is more severe in the early morning and evening, without severe systemic symptoms. The cause is not easy to identify.

TIPS: What are the dangers of urticaria?

1. Local edema: External allergens cause inflammation in the body, microvascular congestion or fluid extravasation, which is a local edema phenomenon.

2. Severe itching on the body surface: The patches will gradually develop and expand, and finally merge into one. It is very itchy when the disease occurs, and the more you scratch, the more itchy it becomes. Long-term repeated attacks affect the child's daily routine.

3. Severe allergies: If the disease spreads to the gastrointestinal tract, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea may occur; if it involves the throat, it will cause swelling of the throat, difficulty breathing, and even death due to lack of oxygen; if it affects the lungs, it will cause unbearable chest tightness and shortness of breath.

Causes of urticaria

There are many causes of urticaria. It can be divided into two categories: internal factors and external factors. The specific classification is as follows:

Internal factors

1. Allergic constitution or immune abnormality: Due to genetic factors or abnormalities in the immune system, some children are more likely to develop allergies than other children of the same age. Allergic reactions may occur if you eat foods that are prone to allergies or inhale pollen, animal dander, etc. Because babies have thin skin and blood vessels are densely distributed beneath the skin, once an allergy occurs, symptoms will first appear on the skin.

2. Digestive system problems: Imperfect gastrointestinal function is also one of the causes of this disease.

External factors

1. Food: such as milk, seafood, dried fruits, etc., may be potential allergens.

2. Drugs: β-lactam antibiotics, aminoglycoside antibiotics, sulfonamide antibiotics, salicylic acid drugs such as aspirin, and some vaccines and serum drugs may cause allergies.

3. Microbial factors: Certain types of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, chlamydia, and mycoplasma may induce allergies in children.

4. Plant and animal factors: plants, such as pollen, flying catkins, etc.; animals, such as dander from pets such as cats and dogs, etc.

5. Weather factors: sudden rise and fall in temperature, strong sunlight, etc.

6. Chemical factors: The most common one is the adverse effects caused by the use of skin care products or cosmetics.

How to diagnose urticaria

Wheals on the skin are the main sign of urticaria. Once this sign appears, it can basically be confirmed as urticaria. However, there are many factors that cause urticaria. Doctors need to conduct a detailed physical examination and analyze the patient's medical history to finally confirm what caused the onset of urticaria.

Treatment of urticaria

· Chinese medicine

1. Prescription 1

Ingredients: 4 qian of Angelica sinensis, 6 qian of Astragalus membranaceus, 2 qian of Artemisia argyi, 10 jujubes, 3 qian of Cyperus rotundus, 4 qian of Schizonepeta tenuifolia, 2 qian of Ephedra sinica, 1 qian of Asarum, 4 qian of Scutellaria baicalensis, 4 qian of Tangerine peel, 5 qian of Seabuckthorn fruit, and 5 qian of Codonopsis pilosula.

Dosage and Administration: Children take half the dose. Take 3 times a day, about 200 ml each time.

Efficacy: Eliminate wheals and relieve skin itching symptoms. Effective for urticaria and papular urticaria.

2. Prescription 2

Ingredients: appropriate amounts of ephedra, forsythia, schizonepeta, bombyx batryticatus, mulberry bark, adzuki bean, and raw licorice.

Dosage and administration: Raw ephedra must be used and should be added last when decocting the medicine. Soak the herbs in cold water for half an hour before boiling. Decoction each dose of medicine twice, each time for half an hour. Pour the two doses of medicine together and take it. Decoction one dose of medicine every day and drink the soup twice a day, morning and evening. For young children, halve the dose or give only one-third of the dose.

Efficacy: Mainly used to treat papular urticaria.

other:

(1) If the patient has many wheals and the itching does not stop, you can choose to add appropriate amounts of wind-removing drugs such as Saposhnikovia divaricata and Uncaria rhynchophylla;

(2) If the body is severely damp and hot, and the wheals are large and numerous, add appropriate amounts of plantain seeds and coix seeds to remove dampness;

(3) If the rash is red and swollen, you can choose some cooling and antipyretic substances, such as Scutellaria baicalensis, Gardenia jasminoides, etc.

(4) If you are weak and have insufficient blood and qi, it is recommended to take appropriate amounts of Chinese Angelica, White Peony Root, Salvia miltiorrhiza and other blood-nourishing and qi-replenishing drugs;

(5) If the skin is accidentally scratched and becomes infected, do not use ephedra and silkworm. Instead, add dandelion and coix seed, which have detoxifying effects.

Ingredients: 10g-20g of Rhizoma Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae, 6g-10g each of black plum, earthworm, moutan bark, and saposhnikovia divaricata, 3g-6g of cicada shell, and 3g-10g of licorice.

Efficacy: It has the effects of clearing away heat and reducing fire, detoxifying and relieving itching. Effective for wind-heat type skin diseases.

Others: You can add Angelica to replenish blood, Codonopsis to replenish Qi, and Schizonepeta to remove symptoms.

Western medicine

1. Loratadine syrup

Dosage and Administration :

(1) For children weighing more than 30 kg, give the drug twice a day, 10 ml each time.

(2) If the body weight is less than 30 kg, give the drug only once a day, 5 ml each time.

Efficacy: It can be used to relieve chronic urticaria and also to combat chronic rhinitis.

2. Levocetirizine Hydrochloride Tablets

Dosage and Administration: Children aged 2 years and above but below 6 years old can take half a tablet once a day.

Efficacy: Used to treat diseases caused by allergic reactions, such as urticaria.

3. Cetirizine Hydrochloride Tablets

Dosage and Administration:

(1) For adults or children over 12 years old, take 10 mg once daily or as directed by a physician. If any adverse reactions occur, reduce the dose by half.

(2) For children aged 6 years to 11 years, take 5 mg or 10 mg once daily, depending on the severity of the condition.

(3) For children aged 2 years and above but below 5 years, it is recommended that the drug be taken once daily. The dosage is generally 2.5 mg and should not exceed 5 mg. You can also choose to give the drug once every 12 hours, 2.5 mg each time.

Efficacy: Used to treat allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis and urticaria.

· Recipes

1. Acute urticaria

The medication should have the effects of clearing away heat and dampness, detoxifying and cooling the blood.

(1) Folk remedy 1: 2 qian of Schizonepeta, 2 qian of Saposhnikovia, 6 qian of Lithospermum, 6 qian of Astragalus, 4 qian of Sophora flavescens, 4 qian of Kochia scoparia, 4 qian of Taraxacum, decocted in water and taken.

(2) Prescription 2: 2 qian of Ephedra, 2 qian of Cicada Shell, 2 qian of Forsythia, 2 qian of Duckweed, 2 qian of Cortex Moutan, 2 qian of Peach Kernel, 4 qian of White Moss Bark. Boil them in water and drink.

Choose one of the above 2 options.

2. Chronic urticaria

Mainly focus on nourishing blood and qi.

(1) Folk remedy 1: 20g each of Radix Rehmanniae and Polygonum Multiflorum, 12g each of Radix Angelicae Sinensis and White Peony Root, 10g each of Saposhnikovia Divaricata, Cortex Moutan, Polygonatum Osmanthus and Schizonepeta Tenuifolia, 30g each of jujube and ginseng leaf. Decoct in water and drink.

(2) Prescription 2: 15g of Chinese angelica, 9g each of red peony root and red peony root, 20g of raw rehmannia root, 6g each of schizonepeta and saposhnikovia root, 4.5g of cicada shell, 9g of safflower, 15g of hemp seed, 3g each of mint and raw licorice.

(3) Recipe three: 6 qian of garlic sprouts and 4 qian of egg skins. Add water and boil it, then use it as a lotion, 1-2 times a day.

(4) Folk remedy 4: 5 cicada shells and half a pound of duckweed. Add water and boil, drink once in the morning and evening.

Good scientific care is very important for urticaria patients to recover their health.

1. Stay away from allergens: Find out the allergens in time and determine what causes children's urticaria. To keep children away from these allergens, foods and medicines that may cause illness should no longer be used.

2. Anti-itching lotion: such as calamine lotion, can relieve itching.

3. Cut nails short: prevent children from breaking their skin and being invaded by external bacteria.

4. Keep your skin clean: this can prevent infection.

5. Indoor environment: The room should be ventilated and kept clean and hygienic. Do not plant plants that produce pollen or catkins. In addition, some pesticides or air fresheners may also be factors that trigger this disease, so it is best not to use them.

6. Strengthen exercise: Improve your physical fitness through strengthening exercise. Taking cold showers can also enhance the skin's resistance to disease, but you should do it gradually.

7. Dietary taboos: Avoid eating seafood and other irritating foods, as well as spicy condiments such as chili peppers and ginger.

8. Daily life: Let your baby have a regular schedule and keep him in a good mood. In addition, if the baby suffers from digestive tract diseases or endocrine system diseases, timely treatment should be given.

TIPS: What not to eat when suffering from urticaria

Patients with urticaria should pay special attention to dietary taboos, which is often referred to as "dietary restrictions". The following foods should not be eaten, otherwise they may aggravate the condition:

1. Fungi: such as mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, etc. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that this type of food will increase yang energy, induce urticaria, and even induce oral ulcers.

2. Seafood: various fish, shrimp, crab and shellfish. This type of food is pungent and cold in nature, which can cause serious irritation to those who are allergic, and may also induce oral ulcers.

3. Certain vegetables: such as lettuce, spinach, bamboo shoots, etc., also have the risk of causing skin sores.

4. Fruits: peaches, apricots, etc. Excessive consumption may cause heat and sores.

5. Poultry and livestock: mainly chicken and goose meat. These meats are high in calories and can make a person’s yang energy too strong, easily causing headaches and dizziness. If there are abscesses on the skin, the disease will be aggravated. At the same time, poultry eggs contain a lot of protein and may cause allergies.

How long does it take for urticaria to heal?

Most cases of urticaria in children last for a short time, and some will heal on their own without treatment. But sometimes it will last for a long time, in which case you need to go to the hospital for treatment.

Children who suffer from this disease usually have an acute course and the condition usually lasts for a few days. However, increasing age, the effects of external food and medicine, or the impact of other diseases can cause the disease to become chronic. When the disease lasts for more than 3 months, it can be considered chronic urticaria. In addition to skin itching, patients also have other symptoms such as difficulty breathing, vomiting and diarrhea. This is an acute systemic attack and medical attention should be sought immediately.

How to prevent urticaria

Stay away from allergens

1. Food: such as aquatic products, chocolate, alcoholic beverages, etc. In addition, some food additives may also induce allergies.

2. Drugs: Penicillin antibiotics, antitoxin serum and certain vaccines may be the source of allergies.

3. Others: Avoid inhaled allergens, such as pollen, flying catkins, viruses, etc. On the other hand, also pay attention to the adverse effects of temperature changes.

Daily care

1. Personal hygiene: bathe and change clothes frequently, and clean your home. Avoid insect bites and contact with allergenic plants and animals.

2. Appropriate stimulation: Help your baby strengthen his or her immune system. Give your child's skin some appropriate stimulation, such as taking a cold shower, so that his body will be less sensitive to allergens.

3. Physical exercise: Strengthening your physical fitness can help you avoid allergies, and outdoor exercise is necessary.

4. Probiotics: Appropriate supplementation of probiotics. Probiotics can increase the level of interferon in the body, thereby regulating the human immune system and reducing the probability of allergies.