Whose blood type did my daughter inherit?

I believe that many parents are more concerned about their children's studies. Some can be checked through hospital examinations, but some do not like to go for examinations and prefer to make self-judgments. Regarding blood type transplantation and configuration, as well as paternity testing, they are mainly used to identify between father and son or father and daughter, so most blood types are related to the father.

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Blood transfusion and transplant matching

In clinical blood transfusion, if the recipient's blood contains antibodies against the donor's red blood cell antigens, it often leads to severe hemolytic transfusion reactions. It is not a problem if the transfused blood contains antibodies against the recipient's red blood cell antigens. This is because the injected antibodies are immediately diluted by the recipient's blood and absorbed by tissue cells. Therefore, the principle of blood transfusion matching is that the transfused red blood cells cannot have antigens that the recipient lacks.

When selecting donors and recipients in clinical organ transplantation, the red blood cell types must be matched. The principle is exactly the same as blood transfusion matching. ABO blood type must be compatible, and the impact of Rh blood type and P blood type on graft survival is still inconclusive. No effects on other blood group systems were observed in recipients taking immunosuppressants.

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

This is the result of incompatibility between the fetus and the mother's red blood cell types. Various blood type incompatibilities can cause neonatal hemolytic disease, among which the hemolytic disease caused by Rh blood type incompatibility is the most serious. The most common disease in China is ABO neonatal hemolytic disease, which has milder symptoms.

Paternity Test

The parent-child relationship can be ruled out based on the genetic laws of blood type. For example, if an O-type mother has an A-type child, then men with type B and type O cannot be the child's biological father, and so on.

Gene location

The location of some blood type gene loci on chromosomes has been determined, such as Duffy, Rh, Scianna, Dombrock, etc. on chromosome 1, P loci on chromosome 6, Colton and Kidd loci on chromosome 7, ABO loci on chromosome 9, and Xg loci on chromosome X. These blood types can serve as important genetic markers in somatic cell hybridization gene localization studies.

Disease genetics research

The Xg blood type can be used to determine the origin of the X chromosome. For example, the sex chromosome of a girl with Turner syndrome is X0. If the girl is Xg(a+), her father is also Xg(a+), and her mother is Xg(a-), then her X chromosome must come from her father. For example, the sex chromosomes of a boy with Klinefelter syndrome are XXY. If the boy is Xg(a+) and his mother is Xg(a-), then he must have an X chromosome from his father in addition to the Y chromosome. Blood type can also be used as a genetic marker for prenatal diagnosis. For example, it is known that the secretory gene (Se) of ABH and the pathogenic gene of Duchenne muscular dystrophy are two closely linked genes on the X chromosome. Since the recombination rate is very low, as long as ABH is detected in the amniotic fluid of a pregnant woman with a history of giving birth to a child with the disease, it can be determined that the fetus may be a child with the disease.