Facial features of mild Down syndrome

Pregnant women will go for Down syndrome screening at a specific time during pregnancy. The main purpose of Down syndrome screening is to detect whether the fetus is a Down syndrome baby. If so, timely treatment is required. If Down syndrome screening is not performed, there are certain methods to judge whether a baby has Down syndrome. For example, there are certain differences in appearance and organ tissue between Down syndrome babies and normal babies.

Children with Down syndrome will have obvious physical characteristics.

Specific performance:

1. Such as wide distance between eyes, low root of nose, small palpebral fissure, upward slanting outer side of eyes, epicanthus, small external ears, fat tongue that often sticks out of the mouth, and excessive drooling.

2. Short stature, smaller head circumference than normal, short front and back diameters of the head, and a flat head with a flat occipital area. Short neck and loose skin.

3. Bone age often lags behind age, tooth eruption is delayed and often misplaced. The hair is fine and sparse. The anterior fontanelle closes late, and a third fontanelle may appear in the midline of the parietal-occipital area.

4. Short limbs. Due to loose ligaments, the joints can bend excessively, the fingers are short and thick, the middle phalanx of the little finger is underdeveloped, causing the little finger to bend inward, the phalanges are short, and the trifurcation of the palm is displaced distally. It is common to see through palm lines and straw sandal feet. About half of the children have arched skin lines on the ball of the big toe.

However, the developmental deformities are usually not severe enough to be life-threatening. Specific performance:

1. The average weight and height of children with the disease are generally lower than those of normal children at birth, and their muscle tone is also relatively low.

2. The most prominent deformity is craniofacial deformity. The head is small and round, the occiput is relatively flat, the face is small and round, and the nose is low and flat;

3. The eye slit is small, the distance between the two eyes is wide, and they are tilted outward and upward. The epicanthus is obvious. The eyelashes of the child are short and sparse, and the child looks at things with a squint.

4. There are sometimes white spots on the iris and often lens opacities. The mouth is small and the lips are thick, the tongue often sticks out, and the mouth is often open;

5. The external ear is small, the ear is located relatively low, and the auricle is deformed. Hair is straight and not curly. The neck and back are short and broad. Poor self-care ability.

1. Children often show symptoms of lethargy and feeding difficulties. Their intellectual disability will become more obvious with age. Their IQ is between 25 and 50, and their motor and sexual development are delayed.

2. The body is particularly weak and loose. When you hold the child, you will find that his body is particularly weak and loose, his little finger is short, and there is only one horizontal line in the palm.

3. Slow physical development. Children with Down syndrome develop slowly. Many babies with Down syndrome may also have congenital defects of the heart and other organs. At the same time, due to low immune function, they are prone to various infections, and the incidence of leukemia is 10-30 times higher than normal. If they survive into adulthood, they often develop symptoms of Alzheimer's disease after the age of 30.

4. Males will not be able to reproduce, but females may be able to reproduce. Male babies with Down syndrome will not be able to reproduce when they grow up to puberty. Female babies with Down syndrome will have menstruation when they grow up and may have children.