Baby has a moving lump on the neck

Babies are young, and their health depends on the careful care of adults. In addition, babies cannot speak and cannot clearly explain their condition. They can only cry when they are sick. Only through careful examination by a doctor can we understand the symptoms. The baby's skin is very delicate and it is easy to get rashes. In addition, there are some small bumps on the baby's neck that move. How should these bumps be treated?

Normal superficial lymph nodes in the human body are very small, with a diameter of less than 0.5 cm. The surface is smooth and soft, with no adhesion to the surrounding tissues and no tenderness. When the body is invaded by pathogenic factors, information is transmitted to the lymph nodes. Lymphocytes produce lymphokines and antibodies to effectively kill the pathogenic factors. At the same time, lymphocytes and tissue cells in the lymph nodes reactively proliferate, causing the lymph nodes to swell. The head and neck are rich in lymph nodes, and the neck itself has many lymph nodes. Under pathological and physiological conditions, the cervical lymph nodes may swell.

Causes of swollen lymph nodes in the neck include infectious (inflammatory) swelling, tumor swelling, reactive hyperplasia and histiocytic hyperplasia.

1. Inflammatory swelling

When acute or chronic lymph node infections are caused by bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, chlamydia, fungi, spirochetes, protozoa, worms, etc., the lymph nodes may become congested and edematous, with proliferation of lymphocytes and macrophages, infiltration of neutrophils, monocytes and plasma cells, and even necrosis and granuloma formation, causing enlargement of the lymph nodes and pain.

2. Tumorous enlargement

Whether it is an endogenous tumor originating from the lymphatic tissue, such as lymphoma, lymphocytic leukemia, etc., or a tumor metastasized from outside the lymph nodes, such as oral cancer metastasized to the cervical lymph nodes, nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasized to the cervical lymph nodes, gastric cancer metastasized to the left supraclavicular lymph nodes, etc., it can manifest as unrestricted tumor cells proliferating in large numbers in the lymph nodes, occupying and destroying the normal tissue structure of the lymph nodes, and at the same time causing hyperplasia of fibrous tissue and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lymph nodes, leading to lymph node enlargement.

It includes two types: nonspecific reactive lymphocytic hyperplasia and immune reactive hyperplasia. It is mostly caused by biological factors (bacteria, viruses, etc.), chemical factors (drugs, environmental toxins, metabolic toxic products, etc.) and allergic stimulation, which cause the reactive proliferation of lymphocytes and monocytes and macrophages in the lymph nodes, manifested as enlargement of lymph follicles, hyperplasia of parafollicular lymphocytes, necrotic hyperplasia, leading to lymph node enlargement.

4. Histiocytic hyperplasia

There is a large amount of tissue cell proliferation in the lymph nodes, which is distributed in a lamellar, focal or diffuse manner, and granulomas may also form, such as Langerhan histiocytosis. In addition, the accumulation of a large number of Niemann-Pickz cells and Gautier cells in the lymph nodes can also cause lymph node enlargement.