What to do if a child has rubella? Experts introduce effective treatments!

Very young infants and young children have very poor body resistance and are easily infected by bacteria and viruses, such as rubella virus, which can lead to respiratory diseases such as rubella. This virus has a certain incubation period, and after the incubation period, the patient will develop corresponding symptoms. It should be noted that this is an infectious disease, so it is important to avoid infection. The treatment methods are introduced below.

First, medication treatment

General treatment and symptomatic treatment

During the fever period, you should rest in bed, strengthen care, keep the indoor air fresh, and give vitamins and nutritious and easily digestible food. People with high fever and headache can use antipyretic analgesics. If you have a sore throat, you can gargle with a compound boric acid solution, and if you have a cough, you can use expectorants and cough suppressants.

Antiviral therapy

For patients with severe conditions, antiviral treatments such as ribavirin and interferon can be used.

Treatment of complications

Concurrent encephalitis? Patients should be treated according to the principles of Japanese encephalitis. Mild arthritis does not require treatment. Local pain can be treated with sedatives, local hot compresses or physical therapy. Patients with severe purpura bleeding tendency can be treated with glucocorticoids and, if necessary, transfusion of fresh blood and platelets.

Second, preventive care

Control the source of infection

Isolate the child from the onset of illness to 5 days after the rash appears.

Cut off the transmission route

rubella? During the epidemic, try not to bring susceptible children to public places and avoid contact with children with rubella. Strengthen medical observation of close contacts and pay attention to rashes and fever to facilitate early detection of patients. Contact classes in childcare institutions should be isolated from other classes during the incubation period, and no new students should be admitted to prevent the spread of the virus.

Immunization

(1) Active immunization: Rubella live attenuated vaccine has been proven to be safe and effective. The antibody positivity rate after vaccination can reach over 95%, and the antibodies can remain effective for more than 7 years. Active immunization with monovalent live attenuated rubella vaccine is the main measure to prevent rubella. The targets of immunization are children aged 1 to 12 years and susceptible women of childbearing age. Or using the measles, rubella, and mumps triple vaccine can reduce the number of vaccinations for children.

(2) Passive immunization: Since rubella in children is mild, passive immunization is not required. The effectiveness of passive immunization using immunoglobulins is still uncertain.

Third, pathological causes

Rubella virus is an RNA virus belonging to the genus Togavirus. The antigenic structure of rubella virus is quite stable, with only one antigenic type and no subtypes. It only infects humans and can grow in rabbit kidney, hamster kidney and green monkey kidney cells. It has a rough spherical shape with a diameter of 50~70nm. It consists of a single-stranded RNA genome and a lipid shell, containing an electron-dense core covered with two layers of loose outer coat. The virus is not heat-resistant and quickly loses its activity at 37°C or room temperature. It is cold-resistant and can be stored for a short period of time at -20°C and can be relatively stable for several months at -60°C. It has weak vitality outside the human body and is sensitive to disinfectants. The virus can be found in the nasopharyngeal secretions of children before the rash appears and 5 days after the rash subsides.