What is the reaction of a child who is allergic to penicillin?

Penicillin is a type of antibiotic. Penicillin itself is not easy to cause allergies, but excessive intake of penicillin can easily lead to allergies. Because everyone's physical characteristics are different, there will be different reactions to penicillin. Usually after taking penicillin, some people may experience allergies and rashes all over the body. Severe cases may cause difficulty breathing and shock symptoms.

From a drug perspective, penicillins themselves are not common allergens. What cause patients' allergies are the impurities produced during the synthesis and production of penicillin (polymers such as penicillin thiazole, penicillin ene acid, and penicillin azole).

According to current research

Penicillin allergic reactions are similar to allergic reactions to other drugs. They are all the result of the drug hapten entering the human body and combining with tissue proteins in the body to form a complete antigen, thereby stimulating the body to produce an immune response. What is the sensitizer of penicillin allergic reaction? In the study of penicillin allergic reaction, it was found that penicillin molecules quickly rearranged into penicillin enoic acid in pH 7.5 aqueous solution, and then decomposed into penicillin thiazole acid.

This penicillin thiazole acid can combine with γ-globulin and albumin in human tissues to form penicillin thiazole protein.

This penicillin thiazole protein is the main sensitizer that causes penicillin allergic reaction. Penicillin thiazole antibodies can be detected in the serum of patients who have just had an allergic reaction, which also confirms the important role of penicillin thiazole protein in the formation of allergic reactions. Penicillin is not only formed in the human body, but can also be formed during the penicillin production or storage process. In particular, when the purity of the penicillin solution is poor or it contains more impurities, the penicillin solution itself may contain penicillin. Injection of this penicillin solution may directly cause a penicillin allergic reaction or even anaphylactic shock.