What is the cause of the red spots in the newborn's eyes?

There are many reasons for the red spots in the eyes of newborns. The most common one is hemangioma, which is a common benign tumor in children. It will affect the appearance and easily cause bleeding. Generally, children grow and develop quickly and hemangioma will disappear on their own. As parents, we should observe closely and provide good home care.

1. Orange spots

The patches are present at birth and vary in size. They are orange-red or light red in color, not protruding above the surface of the skin, and fade when pressed lightly. Their color deepens when the baby cries. Orange spots are often seen on the forehead, upper eyelids and occipital region. They usually disappear on their own within a few months after birth and do not require any treatment.

2. Erythematous nevus

Also known as port wine stain. It exists at birth and is a light red or dark red patch that does not fade when pressed. It does not protrude above the surface of the skin. It is located in the dermis and is composed of a network of capillaries. After birth, the nevus erythematosus grows in proportion to the body's growth but no longer expands in area. Erythematous nevus cannot disappear on its own. Apart from affecting the appearance, erythematous nevus generally has no other harm, and cryosurgery can be used when necessary.

3. Capillary hemangioma

They are mostly found on the skin, especially on the occipital area, head, face, limbs and back, and many grow on the lips and tongue. Capillary hemangiomas vary in size, with large ones occupying large areas of the face or limbs and small ones being only a few millimeters and slightly above the skin. Capillary hemangiomas usually exist at birth, grow rapidly within 6 months, and gradually stop growing after one or two years of age. It affects the appearance and there is a risk of heavy bleeding if it is damaged, so parents should pay close attention. If the hemangioma is small, grows slowly, and is not in an exposed area, it may resolve on its own after it stops growing. If the hemangioma grows rapidly and seriously affects the appearance, it should be treated immediately. Treatment methods such as isotope application can be used.

4. Cavernous hemangioma

It can occur in the skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscles, and even the liver and kidneys. It is purple-red in appearance, surrounded by tortuous, swollen small veins. It feels soft and elastic, shrinks when squeezed, and recovers when the pressure is released. This hemangioma grows larger as the baby grows older, sometimes becoming very large and deep, seriously damaging the appearance and destroying normal tissue. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, treatment should be started immediately, either by injection of sclerosing agents or surgical excision.

5. Racemose hemangioma

It is more common on the limbs, with many branch-like dilated blood vessels on and around the surface, which are tortuous and spread out in a vine-like manner. The local skin is dark red or bluish purple, and sometimes the blood vessel pulsation can be felt or vascular murmurs can be heard. For this type of hemangioma, surgery should be performed as soon as possible, and the limbs can also be bandaged with elastic bandages to relieve symptoms such as limb soreness.