How to treat hematuria in children? The following five points can help you solve your doubts

Children have frequent hematuria. Normal healthy people may have a small amount of red blood cells in their urine. The red color of urine is related to the acidity and alkalinity of the urine. Neutral or weak alkaline urine is bright red watery in color. So, how should children with hematuria be treated?

1. Immune-mediated glomerular basement membrane damage Immune complexes (or in situ complexes) are deposited in the glomeruli, activating complement, causing immune inflammatory damage, leading to rupture of the glomerular basement membrane, increased permeability, leakage of red blood cells, and hematuria.

2. Abnormalities in the structure of the glomerular basement membrane, such as thin basement membrane nephropathy and Alport syndrome.

3. Damage to renal blood vessels, such as calcium microcrystals in hypercalciuria, stones, tumors, infections, drugs, trauma, etc., directly damage the blood vessels of tissues such as the renal tubules, renal interstitium, and urinary tract, causing hematuria.

4. Changes in renal venous hemodynamics, such as left renal vein compression syndrome, are caused by compression of the renal vein, which leads to increased renal venous pressure, renal congestion and hypoxia, and abnormal communication between the renal calyces and the surrounding venous plexus, resulting in hematuria.

5. Other bleeding diseases cause systemic bleeding due to impaired bleeding mechanisms, including hematuria, hemophilia, thrombocytopenic purpura, spontaneous hemorrhage of the newborn, etc.