The child has a lot of lumps on his buttocks

The child's buttocks should be cleaned every day, because no matter whether he is wearing diapers or can urinate and defecate on his own, the buttocks are mainly the place for excretion every day, so it often produces odor. If it is not washed for a long time, you will find some granular particles on it. You should ask the child if this kind of granularity is the same, or if it hurts, it cannot be ruled out that it is a skin allergy.

How do allergic diseases occur?

That is, people with atopic constitution will produce large amounts of immunoglobulin E, resulting in an inappropriate immune response, when they come into contact with allergens in the environment, such as pollen and dust mites. If this inflammatory reaction occurs in the bronchi, it causes asthma; if it occurs in the nasal cavity, it causes allergic rhinitis; if it occurs in the conjunctiva, it is called allergic conjunctivitis; if it occurs in the skin, it causes atopic dermatitis; and if it occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, it is called allergic gastroenteritis.

Atopic constitution refers to a physical condition that makes one susceptible to asthma, hay fever and eczematous dermatitis. It often occurs in the same family and has a genetic tendency. It is currently believed to be a polygenic inheritance.

Asthma is the most common allergic disease in children. Its occurrence may be related to environmental factors. Exposure to allergens and pollution sources increases the chance of developing asthma. According to surveys, as many as 10% to 15% of boys and 7% to 10% of girls have suffered from asthma during childhood. The asthma morbidity rate was 1.3% in 1974, 5.08% in 1985, and 8.0% in 1994, an increase of more than six times in 20 years. The number of children suffering from asthma is still increasing.

Asthma can occur at any age. 30% of patients have symptoms before the age of 1, and 80% to 90% of patients develop the disease before the age of 4 to 5 years. From the perspective of genetic factors, if one parent has asthma, their children have about a 1/4 chance of developing asthma; and if both parents have asthma, their children have about a 1/2 chance of developing asthma.

The causative agents of asthma are indoor allergens (dust mites, animal allergens, cockroaches, mold), outdoor allergens (pollen, mold), aspirin, and workplace allergens. Contributing factors include respiratory infections, low birth weight, diet (soybeans, crabs, milk, egg whites, etc.), air pollution, smoking and secondhand smoke. Triggers that worsen asthma include allergens, respiratory infections, exercise, hyperventilation, climate change, sulfur dioxide, food, preservatives and medications.

Asthma patients often have intermittent dyspnea, wheezing, chest tightness and coughing, especially at night or in the early morning. Its clinical features are: symptoms that resolve spontaneously; symptoms that can be relieved by bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory treatments; symptoms that change with the seasons; and a family history of asthma and atopic constitution. The most common manifestation in childhood is frequent, recurrent coughing, especially at night, after exercise, or during viral infections.

Children under 2 years old often have lower respiratory tract obstruction and symptoms similar to asthma attacks because their respiratory tracts are not fully developed, which makes them difficult to diagnose. However, if a child has recurrent wheezing episodes, has atopic,physical conditions (such as atopic dermatitis), and a family history of allergies, the chances of developing asthma in the future are very high.

Drugs for the treatment of asthma can be divided into two categories: one is controller drugs, which can reduce the inflammatory response of the bronchial mucosa, including steroids (oral and inhaled), pharyngol and new leukotriene receptor antagonists; the other is reliever drugs, including benzyl alcohol sympathetic stimulants, antiacetylcholine and theophylline preparations. In addition to medications, attention needs to be paid to avoiding allergens and environmental control. In addition, immunotherapy, also known as desensitization therapy, is also a good treatment option.