What are trace element standards?

In life, when we get married and start a family, we will have our children. The growth of children cannot be separated from the care of their parents. The role of parents is irreplaceable for a child to grow up healthily. As parents, we must also take responsibility for our children. We all know that children's growth is very critical. How to create a scientific nutritional growth need for children is also very important. It is even more necessary for children to supplement trace elements. So how can we ensure that our children supplement enough trace elements? Below, the editor will introduce to you what the trace element standards for children are.

Zinc 64.3-113.4umol/l, iron 6.26-8.64umol/l, calcium 2.18-2.95umol/l, for reference only.

Babies grow and develop very quickly after birth and have a great demand for various nutrients. If for some reason (such as insufficient breast milk, sweating in hot weather, illness, untimely feeding, simple complementary food, or even unknown reasons), children can easily lack the above trace elements. A better approach is to give children appropriate amounts of safe supplements of zinc, iron, and calcium (there are many unsafe ones on the market with side effects), and they should be chosen carefully.

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2013-09-04 20:37 Enthusiastic netizens

Children have vigorous growth and development, are active and lively, and their muscular system develops particularly quickly, so they have a high demand for heat energy and protein. Children's growth and development alternates between fast and slow, and generally remains relatively stable after the age of 2, with height increasing by 4 to 5 cm and weight gain by 1.5 to 2.0 kg each year. Starting from the age of 10 for girls and 12 for boys, their growth and development suddenly accelerates, with an annual height growth rate of 3% to 5% and an annual weight growth rate of 10% to 14%, with an annual increase of 4 to 5 kilograms, and in some cases up to 8 to 10 kilograms. After about 3 years, the growth rate slows down again. Therefore, the later period of school-age children is at the peak of growth and development, so the need for various nutrients increases greatly. During the growth and development process, the development of each system is unbalanced but unified and coordinated. For example, if the brain weight at birth is 25% of the adult brain weight, it will reach 1200 grams at the age of 6 years, which is 90% of the adult brain weight. Although it will only increase by 10% afterwards,

(1) Heat energy: The World Health Organization recommends that the heat energy supply standard for children aged 4 to 12 years old is 1830 to 2470 kcal. If calculated by body weight, the heat energy supply per kilogram of body weight per day is 4 to 6 kcal... Children grow and develop vigorously, are active and lively, and their muscle system develops particularly fast, so they have a high demand for heat energy and protein. Children's growth and development alternates between fast and slow. Generally, after the age of 2, it remains relatively stable, with an annual height increase of 4 to 5 cm and a weight increase of 1.5 to 2.0 kg. Starting from the age of 10 for girls and 12 for boys, their growth and development suddenly accelerates, with an annual height growth rate of 3% to 5% and an annual weight growth rate of 10% to 14%, with an annual increase of 4 to 5 kilograms, and in some cases up to 8 to 10 kilograms. After about 3 years, the growth rate slows down again. Therefore, the later period of school-age children is at the peak of growth and development, so the need for various nutrients increases greatly. During the growth and development process, the development of various systems is unbalanced but unified and coordinated. For example, if the brain weight at birth is 25% of the adult brain weight, it will reach 1200 grams at the age of 6 years, which is 90% of the adult brain weight. Although it will only increase by 10% afterwards,

(1) Heat energy: The World Health Organization recommends that the heat energy supply standard for children aged 4 to 12 years old is 1830 to 2470 kcal. If calculated based on body weight, the daily heat energy supply per kilogram of body weight is 91 kcal for children aged 4 to 6 years old; 78 kcal for children aged 7 to 9 years old; and 66 kcal for children aged 10 to 12 years old. That is, as age increases, the energy required for each unit body weight decreases relatively. The Chinese Nutrition Society recommends that the energy supply for children is: 1,800 to 2,100 kcal for children aged 7 to 10 years old, and 2,300 kcal for children aged 10 to 13 years old.

(2) Protein: Protein is the basic component of the body's tissue cells. For example, the essential amino acids for adults are 100, while the essential amino acids for children aged 10 to 12 are 330 valine, 320 leucine, 300 isoleucine, 500 threonine, 200 phenylalanine plus tyrosine, 120 tryptophan, 200 methionine plus cysteine, and 500 lysine. While supplying the appropriate amount of essential amino acids, sufficient non-essential amino acids must also be supplied to synthesize protein. The World Health Organization recommends determining protein requirements based on protein quality, either by amino acid score or chemical score. The daily requirement for higher quality proteins, such as animal protein and soy protein, is relatively small. Children aged 4 to 12 years old require 0.84 to 1.01 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight per day. The amount of protein supplied may vary depending on the nutritional value of the protein. For example, when the net protein utilization rate is 60%, the protein requirement for children aged 4 to 6 years is 34 grams, and for children aged 7 to 9 years is 41 grams. If the net protein utilization rate is 80%, the protein requirement for children aged 4 to 6 years is 26 grams, and for children aged 7 to 9 years is 31 grams. The requirement for protein is closely related to energy intake. The supply of heat energy must meet the needs of children, otherwise the protein in the diet will not be able to play its special physiological function. Therefore, protein supply often accounts for a certain proportion of heat energy supply. In my country, protein supply for children aged 3 to 12 accounts for 12% to 14% of heat energy, that is, 50g to 55g for children aged 5 to 6, 60g to 70g for children aged 7 to 10, and 70g to 75g for children aged 10 to 12, which are generally higher than the recommendations of the World Health Organization.

①Calcium and phosphorus. The Chinese Nutrition Society recommends that children aged 6 to 10 should consume 800 mg of calcium per day, and children aged 10 to 12 should consume 1000 mg of calcium per day.

②Iron. During school-age children's rapid growth and development, their hematopoietic function also increases greatly, and their iron needs are higher than those of adults. The Chinese Nutrition Society recommends that children aged 6 to 12 years old should consume 10 to 12 mg of iron per day. If the intake from food is insufficient, iron-fortified foods or iron preparations can be used to supplement the iron intake to meet physiological needs.

③ Zinc. Domestic surveys have found that zinc deficiency is very common among children in my country. The zinc supply in my country is 6 to 10 mg per day for children aged 4 to 6 years old, and 10 to 15 mg per day for children aged 7 to 12 years old. This can be used as a reference when formulating recipes or dietary supplies. Generally speaking, grains and vegetables contain a lot of phytic acid, oxalic acid, and cellulose, which will affect the absorption of zinc. Therefore, it is best to choose seafood, meat, offal and other foods that are rich in zinc.

④Other trace elements. Iodine deficiency will affect children's growth and intellectual development, so they should eat more seafood such as kelp. Iodine-deficient areas should also be supplied with iodized salt. In addition, cobalt, copper, magnesium, selenium and fluorine are all essential trace elements for children and are generally not lacking. However, in some areas, certain special diseases may be caused by the lack of certain trace elements in the water and soil, so prevention must be taken.

The above is how to supplement trace elements for children. I hope it will be helpful to you.