Common symptoms and care of newborns

We call a newborn baby a neonate. After a neonate is born, he or she needs care because the baby is too small. Then the newborn usually has symptoms of a disease that everyone is not familiar with, which seriously endangers the health of the newborn. Therefore, in order to prevent the disease from changing, timely care and treatment should be the best. So what are the common symptoms and care for newborns?

1. Normal body temperature of children with fever: rectal temperature: 36.2-38℃, oral temperature: 36-77.4℃.

If a child has a high fever (above 39°C), you should consider whether he or she has: upper respiratory tract infection, intestinal infection (dysentery), meningitis, poliomyelitis, Japanese encephalitis, malaria, sepsis, etc. If you find the above situation, you should go to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment immediately.

2. The causes of abdominal pain should be considered: intestinal ascariasis, biliary ascariasis, enteritis, dysentery, acute appendicitis, intussusception, etc. Extra-abdominal causes should be considered: pneumonia, myocarditis, measles, rheumatism, and kidney disease.

3. Symptoms of influenza: high fever, nasal congestion, headache, and cough. Physical symptoms: pharyngeal congestion and edema, conjunctival congestion. Treatment: You can take some cold medicine as prescribed by the doctor, and go to the hospital for treatment if the condition is serious.

4. Diarrhea in children

Mild symptoms: Diarrhea less than 10 times a day, yellow or green stools, and occasional vomiting. Physical symptoms: Good skin elasticity and good spirits. Treatment: Oral rehydration, warm boiled water with appropriate amount of salt and sodium bicarbonate, taken orally several times, drink the same amount of diarrhea as the amount you have in a day, and take corresponding antidiarrheal drugs.

5. Vitamin D deficiency rickets

Symptoms: frequent crying, sweating, easy awakening, and hair falling out in circles.

Physical signs: square head, delayed closure of fontanelle (normal at 1.5 years old), late tooth eruption (two teeth should be expected at 6 months), beaded ribs, O-shaped or X-shaped legs.

treat:

① Vitamin D 400,000-600,000 units injected intramuscularly once, repeat after two months.

② Concentrated A and D preparations: take 10-40 drops orally daily.

③ Take 1-3 grams of calcium gluconate orally daily.

④ Spend more time in the sun, which is often referred to as “sunbathing”. But avoid sunburn.

6. Iron deficiency anemia

Symptoms: pale skin, mucous membranes and nail beds, fatigue, weakness and inactivity.

Laboratory tests: Routine blood tests showed decreased hemoglobin and red blood cell count.

Treatment: Eliminate the cause and give iron supplements.

7. Pneumonia

Symptoms: fever, cough and shortness of breath, but neonatal pneumonia often has no typical symptoms, only refusal to eat, crying, rapid breathing, cyanosis of the lips, and foaming at the mouth.

Physical signs: Rough breath sounds in both lungs, mixed rales can be heard in some parts.

Treatment: Go to hospital for diagnosis and treatment as soon as possible.

8. Intestinal Ascariasis

Symptoms: recurring and weekly pain, restless sleep, or no symptoms. Children aged 3-10 in rural areas generally suffer from this disease. After the diagnosis is confirmed by laboratory tests, take the corresponding anthelmintic medicine as required by the doctor.