Teenagers often have nosebleeds

Teenagers aged 14 and 15 are a group that likes to move around and are hot-tempered. Especially in the dry season like autumn, some teenagers suddenly find themselves bleeding from the nose. I was a little nervous when I first discovered it, but after a while, the unstable kids found it funny. In fact, the most fundamental reason for nose bleeding is the heat and dryness of the liver fire in the body. Except for some people who suffer from rhinitis, nose bleeding is caused by heat in the body.

There are seven main causes of nosebleeds:

1. Climate factors: The dry climate causes the nasal mucosa to dry and crust over, which is more common in autumn and winter.

2. Trauma: Picking your nose, blowing your nose too hard, sneezing violently, etc. can damage the blood vessels of the nasal mucosa and cause nosebleeds.

3. Fever: especially fever caused by upper respiratory tract infection, influenza, hemorrhagic fever, etc.

4. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, this condition often has a family history.

5. Inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: Various non-specific and specific infections of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses can cause bleeding due to damage to blood vessels by mucosal lesions:

6. Foreign objects in the nasal cavity: If children put paper balls, fruit peels, melon seeds, small toy parts, etc. into their nasal cavity, it may easily cause secondary infection and lead to mucosal erosion and bleeding.

7. Vitamin deficiency: Vitamin C, vitamin K, vitamin P and calcium deficiency are the most common. If nose bleeding is heavy and frequent, you should go to a professional hospital for examination and treatment in time to avoid the occurrence of other diseases.

Treatment options include:

1. Cauterization method: Anesthetize the surface of the nasal mucosa at the bleeding site, apply 50% silver nitrate or trichloroacetic acid to the site, and use its protein coagulation effect to seal the ruptured small blood vessels. The area may also be cauterized, or treated with laser or cryotherapy.

2. Submucosal dissection This method can be used for cases of recurrent bleeding from mucosal bleeding spots in the anterior nasal septum. The operation method is the same as that of conventional submucosal septum resection. If there is deviated nasal septum cartilage, it should be removed and the stripping range should be slightly wider. Narwla (1987) believed that this method was superior to artery ligation after studying a group of data. The reason for its effectiveness may be that some cases actually have a deviated nasal septum or the submucosal vascular network is fully destroyed.

3. Scar formation method: The nasal mucosa is anesthetized on the surface, and three incisions with a length of 1 to 1.5 cm are made in the bleeding-prone area of ​​the nasal septum with an ophthalmic triangular knife. The mucosa is cut open, and the dilated capillaries are cut off. A 1 to 2 mm wide submucosal peeling is performed on both sides of the incision, and pressure is applied for 24 hours.

4. When it is difficult to find the bleeding point by anterior rhinoscopy, nasal endoscopy can be performed to find the bleeding site in the posterior part of the nose, such as the posterior part of the nasal septum, the posterior lateral wall of the inferior nasal meatus, the posterior part of the nasal floor and the middle nasal meatus. The electrocautery head is introduced under the endoscope for cauterization, or laser cauterization is introduced through optical fiber. Since C02 and YAG lasers can easily cause large area burns, KTP laser is more suitable. The area around the bleeding point should be cauterized first, and then the broken end of the blood vessel should be cauterized last. If the nose bleeding is continuous, regardless of the amount of bleeding, you should go to a regular hospital for examination.