Middle school students with myopia

Today's children are exposed to more and more time through television, computers, and mobile phones. Many children do not know how to control the time they play with electronic products, and they do not know how to keep a correct distance from the screen. As a result, more and more children are becoming nearsighted at a very young age. The number of people with myopia is especially high among middle school students. The following editor will discuss with you the problem of myopia among middle school students.

The causes of myopia are relatively complex, and there are many influencing factors. The main factors can be roughly divided into genetic factors, environmental factors, and nutritional and physical factors.

Genetic factors: Based on a large amount of survey data, the relatively consistent conclusion is that high myopia is related to genetics, while there are greater differences in opinions regarding myopia below moderate. Regarding the genetic type of high myopia, most survey data conclude that it is autosomal recessive inheritance. Therefore, the parent and offspring may not experience myopia at the same time. Genetics are often affected by the objective environment, that is, living conditions, causing them to mutate, increasing the complexity of genetics.

Environmental factors: Environmental factors mainly include close-range work and poor working environment. This is the oldest theory. Although there are still some controversies, a large number of domestic and foreign investigation and research reports have shown that heredity and environment are the main causes of myopia, and that environmental conditions are objective factors that determine the formation of myopia. However, why does myopia occur under the influence of close reading or close work? There is no consensus on this, and there are mainly the following theories:

(1) Accommodation theory: Most myopia occurs in adolescence. Because adolescents have a strong ability to accommodate their eyes and are highly adaptable to close work and study, they are less likely to get tired when looking at close objects. However, if the ciliary muscle is overly tense for a long time, it will become fatigued or even spasmodic, resulting in accommodative myopia. If it is not eliminated in time, it will continue to develop and become irreversible true myopia. Or affect the elongation of the eyeball axis through other pathways.

(2) Convergence theory: When using accommodation for close-up work, the convergence function of both eyes needs to be strengthened, which can cause the eye muscles to put pressure on the eyeball, causing the eyeball axis to lengthen.

(3) Environmental adaptation theory: In childhood, the eyeballs are small and most children are farsighted. As they age, the eyeballs enlarge and reach emmetropia. During this developmental process, if you read too much at close range, your eyes will become nearsighted in order to adapt to the need for accommodation.

External factors such as lighting, reading posture, contrast, small and blurry characters, close distance and long reading time can affect children's vision.

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