What are complicated febrile seizures in children?

The health of children in the family may directly affect the harmony of the entire family. Why do we say that? The main reason is that some couples have certain differences in the treatment of their children's illnesses, but both parties' subjective desire is to help their children with treatment. After all, they do not have some correct medical knowledge, and as a result, sometimes the children's treatment is delayed. For example, complex febrile seizures in children are a common disease in clinical practice. So what kind of disease is this disease?

Typical febrile seizures are also called simple (or simple) febrile seizures, and atypical febrile seizures are also called complex febrile seizures. Children with febrile convulsions whose age of onset, fever degree, convulsion time, and convulsion form do not have the characteristics of simple febrile convulsions can be considered to have complex febrile convulsions. The age of onset of complex febrile seizures is usually less than 6 months or greater than 6 years. Generalized convulsions usually last for more than 15 minutes. Convulsions may also occur during low fever. The seizures may be partial or generalized. Convulsions may occur more than once during the same disease course (or within 24 hours). After a seizure, there may be abnormal neurological signs such as transient paralysis syndrome. EEG may still show abnormalities 1 to 2 weeks after the fever subsides, and the prognosis is worse than that of simple febrile seizures, especially for children with a family history of epilepsy or those with organic brain lesions before the first febrile seizure, who are more likely to develop epilepsy.

Medication principles

1. Intravenous diazepam is the first choice. After controlling convulsions, sodium phenobarbital or other drugs are used to consolidate and maintain the therapeutic effect. Diazepam has side effects of suppressing breathing, heart rate and lowering blood pressure, so cardiopulmonary resuscitation measures should be prepared.

2. Amobarbital sodium or thiopental sodium should be used only when the above anticonvulsant drugs are ineffective. Thiopental sodium can cause laryngeal spasm. Do not move the head when using it to prevent laryngeal spasm. Once laryngeal spasm occurs, the head should be tilted back, the lower jaw should be lifted to prevent the root of the tongue from falling back, and atropine should be injected intramuscularly to relieve spasms.

3. When convulsions persist and intracranial hypertension occurs, measures to reduce intracranial pressure such as 20% mannitol and furosemide should be used.

4. For patients with high fever, physical cooling and/or drug cooling should be performed.

5. Give appropriate etiological treatment to convulsions of different causes.