What are the symptoms and manifestations of pathological jaundice?

Jaundice mostly occurs in newborn babies. If it is physiological, no special treatment is needed. If it is pathological jaundice, special attention should be paid. It may be caused by childhood hemolytic disease, childhood spherocytosis, etc., and must be treated correctly. From a clinical point of view, pathological jaundice may also occur in adults. It may be caused by diseases such as hepatitis. If not treated in time, it may cause more serious diseases such as cirrhosis.

Jaundice often appears within 24 hours after birth and lasts for more than 2 weeks, and more than 3 weeks in premature infants; jaundice disappears after birth and reappears and progressively worsens. Severe jaundice may be accompanied by kernicterus. In addition, due to different causes, there are often accompanying symptoms of the primary disease that causes jaundice.

Understand the mother's pregnancy history, delivery history, history of infection and medication before delivery, history of blood transfusion, and history of hepatitis and jaundice among family members. Pay attention to the order of birth, whether it is premature, whether there is a history of birth trauma, asphyxia, hypoxia, hunger, or infection; inquire in detail about the onset and duration of jaundice, the degree and changes in jaundice, and the color of urine and stool. Whether the baby has a history of taking medications that cause jaundice after birth (such as sulfonamides, salicylic acid preparations, large doses of vitamin K3, K4, etc.) and a history of contact with naphthalene (such as mothballs, etc.).

1. There are many causes of jaundice in children. For example, hemolytic disease in children, spherocytosis in children, perinatal diseases in children, etc. can cause hyperbilirubinemia and bilirubin encephalopathy, as well as anemia, hypoxia and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. These diseases and pathological changes can lead to brain damage in the fetus and children, and then lead to cerebral palsy.

3. Whether the various treatment measures for hyperbilirubinemia in children are used in a timely and correct manner may lead to unbalanced control of jaundice, or even aggravate jaundice, leading to the occurrence and aggravation of bilirubin encephalopathy. Therefore, inappropriate treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in children is also a cause of cerebral palsy in children.