What causes bone pain in children?

Children's bodies are relatively fragile. They are in a developing stage, and their bones and organs are not yet fully developed. In daily life, we should pay special attention to safety issues to avoid hurting children and affecting their development. Children often suffer from bone pains, and parents should pay attention to this situation. The cause of bone pain may be growing pains of children, but it may also be juvenile arthritis. The following is a detailed introduction to children's bone pains.

Bone pain in children may be caused by juvenile arthritis :

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is a common connective tissue disease in children, with chronic arthritis as its main feature, which may be accompanied by multi-system damage. The International League of Rheumatology Pediatric Standing Committee Expert Group has unified the definition of unexplained joint swelling in childhood that persists for more than 6 weeks as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), replacing juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile chronic arthritis.

Causes :

1. Infectious factors

Rubella virus can be isolated from the joint fluid cells of about 35% of patients, and some have evidence of infection with coxsackievirus, adenovirus or parvovirus B19 (HPV-B19).

2. Genetic factors

There is a lot of data confirming that the characteristics of the major histocompatibility complex gene (MHC) determine whether an individual will have an abnormal immune response under certain conditions, as well as the type and degree of immune response, and determine whether the individual will suffer immune damage.

3. Immunological factors

Different dominant T cell clones can be detected at different stages of the disease course, the most common of which is CD4+T cells. When T cells and macrophages are activated in large quantities, they will produce excessive cytokines, mediating joint tissue damage, such as interleukins (IL-1, -6, -8), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), etc. IL-1 can induce synovial fibroblasts and articular chondrocytes to synthesize prostaglandin E2 and synthesize proteases.

treat

1. General treatment

During the acute fever period, patients should rest in bed, and then engage in appropriate activities until their condition improves. In some cases, appropriate physical therapy or physiotherapy and functional exercises can be performed to prevent joint deformities.

2. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

The efficacy is certain and it is easily tolerated. Ibuprofen is the most commonly used drug. If the treatment is ineffective or cannot be tolerated, other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be used under the guidance of a doctor.

3. Adrenal cortex hormone

Systemic application can only improve symptoms but cannot change the prognosis. It is used for short-term use in patients with severe extra-articular lesions such as pericarditis, pleurisy, iridocyclitis, or in patients with acute onset of the disease with severe systemic symptoms.

4. Immunosuppressants

Such as cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, azathioprine, etc., can not only inhibit inflammation and enhance the efficacy of hormones in severe cases, but also reduce the dosage of hormones.

5. Surgery

For patients with joint deformity and dysfunction in the late stage of the disease, joint replacement surgery can improve their quality of life. When drug treatment is ineffective for early-stage synovitis or severe synovitis, synovectomy may be performed.