What is the cause of the child's fever and cramps?

Fever is a common disease in children. The general symptoms of fever are high body temperature but cold hands and feet, obvious loss of appetite, and very lethargic spirit. In addition to these symptoms, another common manifestation is cramps, which are manifested as involuntary twitching of the whole body and usually last for a short time. So what exactly is going on when children have fever and cramps?

(1) Infectious convulsions (febrile convulsions)

1. Intracranial diseases and viral infections such as viral encephalitis and Japanese encephalitis. Bacterial infections such as purulent meningitis, tuberculous meningitis, brain abscess, and venous sinus thrombosis. Fungal infections such as cryptococcal meningitis. Parasitic infections such as cerebral cysticercosis, cerebral malaria, cerebral schistosomiasis, cerebral paragonimiasis, and toxoplasmosis.

2. Extracranial diseases include high fever convulsions, toxic encephalopathy (severe pneumonia, whooping cough, toxic dysentery, sepsis as primary diseases), tetanus, etc.

(ii) Non-infectious convulsions (afebrile convulsions)

1. Intracranial diseases and craniocerebral injuries such as birth injuries, brain trauma, neonatal asphyxia, and intracranial hemorrhage. Abnormal brain development such as congenital hydrocephalus, cerebrovascular malformations, macrocephaly (microcephaly), cerebral palsy and neurocutaneous syndrome. Intracranial space-occupying diseases such as brain tumors and brain cysts. Epileptic syndromes such as grand mal seizures and infantile spasms. Brain degenerative diseases such as demyelinating encephalopathy and macular degeneration.

2. Extracranial diseases Metabolic diseases such as hypocalcemia, hypoglycemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypernatremia, vitamin B1 or B6 deficiency, etc. Genetic metabolic diseases such as glycogen storage disease, galactosemia, phenylketonuria, hepatolenticular degeneration, and mucopolysaccharidosis. Systemic diseases such as hypertensive encephalopathy, uremia, heart rhythm disorders, severe anemia, food, drug or pesticide poisoning, etc.

Parents should not panic if their children have convulsions during a fever. They should conduct timely symptomatic examinations to find out the cause, and then relieve the discomfort through treatment. During the treatment process, parents should also pay attention to the fact that the space where the child lives should not be too closed. Opening the windows appropriately for ventilation and allowing air to circulate in the room will also be helpful for the child's condition.