What are the clinical manifestations of Down syndrome?

Due to social development, late marriage and late childbirth have become common, and due to some environmental and dietary problems, there are more and more cases of Down syndrome. This is a very bad phenomenon and needs to be treated as soon as possible. So what are the clinical manifestations of Down syndrome? This is something that many friends don’t know. Below I will introduce this issue to you and hope it can help you.

What are the clinical manifestations of Down syndrome?

1. The children have obvious special facial features, such as wide-set eyes, low nasal root, small palpebral fissures, upward slanting eyes, epicanthus, small external ears, fat tongue that often sticks out of the mouth, and excessive drooling. He is short in stature, with a smaller head circumference than normal, short front and back diameters of the head, and a flat head with a flat occipital region. Short neck and loose skin. Bone age often lags behind age, and tooth eruption is delayed and often misaligned. The hair is fine and sparse. The anterior fontanelle closes late, and a third fontanelle may appear in the midline of the parietal-occipital area. The limbs are short. Due to loose ligaments, the joints can bend excessively. The fingers are thick and short. The middle phalanx of the little finger is underdeveloped, causing the little finger to bend inward. The phalanges are short, and the trifurcation of the palm is displaced distally. It is common to see through palm lines and straw sandal feet. About half of the children have arched skin lines on the ball of the big toe.

2. They often experience lethargy and difficulty feeding. Their mental retardation becomes increasingly apparent with age, with an IQ of 25 to 50. Their motor and sexual development are delayed.

3. Male babies with Down syndrome will not be able to reproduce when they grow up to puberty. Female babies with Down syndrome will have menstruation when they grow up and may have children.

4. Children with this disease often have other malformations such as congenital heart disease. Due to their low immune function, they are susceptible to various infections, and the incidence of leukemia is 10 to 30 times higher than normal. If they survive into adulthood, they often develop symptoms of Alzheimer's disease after the age of 30.

The above is an introduction to the clinical manifestations of Down syndrome. Now everyone understands it! Everyone already knows the dangers of Down syndrome. It can be seen that the harm of this disease is very great. Therefore, for this disease, the earlier the treatment, the better for the patient. And patients should maintain a good attitude, which is also good for the body.