Knowledge about neonatal congenital heart disease screening

We may have seen many children with congenital heart disease. This situation is directly related to the fact that our children themselves do not pay attention to hygiene. Children do not pay enough attention to hygiene. As a result, children act recklessly and inevitably get contaminated with various bacteria. Whenever our children have congenital heart disease, our mothers will be particularly anxious and angry. So is there any good way to treat congenital heart disease in newborns? Let us now learn about the treatment and screening of congenital heart disease in newborns.

1. Generally, only a few types of congenital heart disease can recover naturally. For others, complications will gradually increase and the condition will gradually worsen with age.

The choice of treatment and the correct timing of surgery mainly depend on the scope and degree of congenital heart malformation. Simple and mild malformations such as atrial septal defect and simple pulmonary valve stenosis have no obvious effect on hemodynamics if the defect diameter is small, and no treatment is required for life. Severe congenital heart diseases such as complete transposition of the great arteries or hypoplastic left heart syndrome must be treated with surgery immediately after birth or the baby will not survive.

2. Congenital heart disease cases under conservative observation.

(1) Patients with a small diameter secundum atrial septal defect and no tendency to pulmonary hypertension can be observed to undergo surgery again at the age of 3 to 5 years;

(2) Membranous ventricular septal defects with a diameter of less than 4 mm have little effect on cardiac function and are likely to close automatically, so they can be observed until the age of 3 to 5 years. If the ventricular septal defect still fails to close, surgical treatment should be considered. Since ventricular septal defect may induce bacterial endocarditis, and the safety of surgical operation is very high, it is not recommended to wait for a long time.

(3) Aortic valve stenosis with a transvalvular pressure gradient less than 40 mmHg or pulmonary valve stenosis with a transvalvular pressure gradient less than 60 mmHg. The prerequisite for conservative treatment of these cases is that they must undergo more than two cardiac ultrasound examinations in a hospital with a high level of congenital heart surgery treatment. In addition, regular follow-up observations and necessary examinations are required during the observation period to avoid misdiagnosis and loss of treatment opportunities.

3. Choosing the right time for surgery is the key to successful congenital heart disease surgery and achieving a good prognosis.

Currently, there are several main factors that determine the timing of surgery:

(1) The pathological characteristics of congenital heart disease and its impact on hemodynamics. Generally speaking, the more complex the deformity, the greater the impact on hemodynamics, and the earlier surgical treatment should be performed.

(2) Progression of secondary pathological changes: For left-to-right shunt congenital heart disease, surgical correction should be performed before pulmonary vascular obstructive changes occur. Cyanotic and obstructive congenital heart disease should be treated with surgery before severe myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis occur.

4. Treatment of congenital heart disease:

There are many types of treatment, including surgical treatment, interventional treatment and drug treatment. The choice of treatment and when is the most appropriate time for surgery should be based on the condition of the child, and the cardiologist should make recommendations based on the specific circumstances of the child. For patients with no shunt or left-to-right shunt, timely surgery can produce good results and a better prognosis. For patients with right-to-left shunt or complex malformations, and those with more serious conditions, surgery is complex and difficult. Some patients cannot be completely corrected due to imperfect development of certain heart structures, and can only undergo palliative surgery to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life.

The above content introduces us to the situation of newborn congenital heart disease screening. Through the above content, we must pay enough attention to the daily hygiene of children and never let the children do whatever they want. This depends on the daily education of our parents. I hope the above content is helpful to everyone.