What are the symptoms of Down syndrome newborns

I believe many people know that human beings are a complex structure that is affected by many factors, and people may have some problems with their body structure or congenital conditions. Moreover, there are some diseases in life that people are not familiar with, such as the symptoms of Down syndrome in newborns. It is mainly a symptom of impaired early intellectual development in newborns. It has a great impact on the intellectual development of newborns. So what are the specific daily manifestations of Down syndrome newborn symptoms?

Patients generally have mental retardation, a small and round head, a flat nose, small and upwardly slanted palpebral fissures, wide eyes, half-open mouth, tongue that often sticks out of the mouth, low ears (the upper edge of the ears is below the horizontal line of the eyes); short and thick neck, short fingers and toes, inward-curved fingers, a single fold on the little finger that runs through the hand; a proximal arch pattern on the ball of the big toe, and the distance between the big toe and the second toe widens to resemble a "straw foot". It is often accompanied by deformities of the reproductive organs, heart, digestive tract, and bones; low immunity, and the incidence of acute leukemia is about 20 times higher than that of ordinary children. In the past, the life expectancy of patients was very low, but the average life expectancy of patients has increased to around 50 years, only slightly lower than that of normal people.

Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is a disease caused by chromosomal abnormalities (an extra chromosome 21). 60% of the affected children are aborted in the early fetus, and the survivors have obvious intellectual disability, special facial features, growth and development disorders and multiple deformities.

Clinical manifestations

1 The child has obvious special facial features, such as wide-set eyes, low nasal root, small palpebral fissures, upward slanting eyes, epicanthus, small external ears, fat tongue that often sticks out of the mouth, and excessive drooling. He is short in stature, with a smaller head circumference than normal, short front and back diameters of the head, and a flat head with a flat occipital region. Short neck and loose skin. Bone age often lags behind age, and tooth eruption is delayed and often misaligned. The hair is fine and sparse. The anterior fontanelle closes late, and a third fontanelle may appear in the midline of the parietal-occipital area. The limbs are short. Due to loose ligaments, the joints can bend excessively. The fingers are thick and short. The middle phalanx of the little finger is underdeveloped, causing the little finger to bend inward. The phalanges are short, and the trifurcation of the palm is displaced distally. It is common to see through palm lines and straw sandal feet. About half of the children have arched skin lines on the ball of the big toe.

2. They often experience lethargy and difficulty feeding. Their mental retardation becomes increasingly apparent with age, with an IQ of 25 to 50. Their motor and sexual development are delayed.

3. Male babies with Down syndrome will not be able to reproduce when they grow up to puberty. Female babies with Down syndrome will have menstruation when they grow up and may have children.

4. Children with this disease often have other malformations such as congenital heart disease. Due to their low immune function, they are susceptible to various infections, and the incidence of leukemia is 10 to 30 times higher than normal. If they survive into adulthood, they often develop symptoms of Alzheimer's disease after the age of 30.