Causes of febrile seizures in children

High fever in children can easily cause convulsions, and convulsions can also cause many diseases such as brain diseases. Convulsion is commonly known as convulsion. The victims are mainly children, so it must be taken seriously by parents. Convulsions lasting a long time can cause great damage to the child's nervous system. So what are the causes of high fever convulsions in children?

Febrile seizures are the most common cause of seizures in children, with a high incidence, accounting for 30% of the causes of seizures in children. It is a convulsive seizure that occurs during the fever of an extracranial infectious disease, with the following characteristics: ① It is more common in children aged 6 months to 3 years, and rarely occurs in children under 6 months and over 6 years old. ② Convulsions often occur when the body temperature rises, which is mostly above 39-40℃. The higher the body temperature, the higher the probability of convulsions. ③70% occur in the early stages of upper respiratory tract infection, and the rest occur in respiratory tract infections and rash diseases. ④ Generalized convulsions are accompanied by impaired consciousness, but consciousness recovers quickly after the convulsions stop; there are no abnormal neurological signs after the attack, and cerebrospinal fluid examination shows no abnormalities except increased pressure. ⑤The prognosis is generally good, but a few may develop into epilepsy. According to the clinical characteristics, it is divided into simple and complex febrile convulsions (see table). The latter have a higher risk of epilepsy and a significantly different prognosis.

Because the defense and immune functions of various parts of the child's body are weaker than those of adults, and the blood-brain barrier is not yet fully developed, pathogens can easily pass through the blood-brain barrier to reach the central nervous system, thereby causing central nervous system infection. This is a serious infectious disease in children, especially in infants and young children. Its characteristics are: ① Before and after the convulsion, in addition to a sudden increase in body temperature, it is often accompanied by abnormal consciousness, and drowsiness, lethargy, irritability, vomiting, delirium, and coma often occur; ② Convulsions often occur repeatedly, and each attack lasts for a long time; ③ Physical examinations may be normal in the early stages when convulsions have not occurred, but abnormal signs may be found in those who have already had convulsions; ④ Routine and biochemical examinations of cerebrospinal fluid are abnormal.

Epilepsy is a chronic brain dysfunction syndrome caused by multiple causes. It is a paroxysmal, sudden, transient brain dysfunction caused by repeated hypersynchronous discharges of gray matter neurons in the brain. Therefore, epilepsy is characterized by paroxysmal, recurrent and spontaneous remission. Children may be normal between seizures. It has a variety of seizure types, which can manifest as convulsive seizures and non-convulsive seizures. Patients with secondary epilepsy may have a history of brain damage or complex febrile seizures. Electroencephalogram (EEG) examination helps to diagnose the nature and classification of epilepsy.