What are the prevention, treatment and care methods for neonatal rash?

The immunity of newborns is not yet fully developed, and they are prone to skin rashes, which are quite harmful to the health of children. There are many rashes, such as measles and rubella, which are common skin manifestations. When recurrent rashes occur, you should go to the hospital for examination in time, and then receive symptomatic treatment. Respiratory infections should be prevented at ordinary times.

1. Measles:

It is a common respiratory infectious disease in infants and young children. It is highly contagious. The pathogen is the measles virus. It can occur throughout the year, but it is more common in late spring. Six-month-old babies have passive immunity due to antibodies from their mothers, so few babies get sick. Children who have never had measles or received measles vaccine are susceptible children and have a great chance of being infected. Permanent immunity can be obtained after a single bout of measles.

Main symptoms:

Generally, the rash appears 3-4 days after the fever. Measles mucosal spots (located on the first pair of molars in the mouth, are needle-tip-sized white spots with red halos around them) appear on the 2nd-3rd day of the onset. However, atypical children may not have these spots. The rash may appear on the 4th-5th day. It is an irregular red maculopapular rash from the head to the neck, trunk, and limbs. It is difficult to distinguish it from the common cold in the early stages. Most parents do not discover that their baby has measles until a rash appears on their skin. The rash disappears in the order it appeared, the body temperature drops, and after the rash subsides, there is pigmentation and small shedding, leaving brown pigment spots that disappear after 2-3 weeks.

Prevention and care:

(1) Early diagnosis and early treatment to prevent complications.

(2) Strengthen care for the child: let the child rest in bed, drink plenty of hot water and hot soup to make the rash easier to break out, avoid catching cold, and keep the skin clean. Even after the rash appears, use a soft towel to wipe the whole body, especially the genitals or wrinkles that are easily contaminated.

Prevention: Children have the chance of being infected from 6 months after birth. Avoid contact with measles patients and get vaccinated regularly. If there has been contact and the patient is in the incubation period, measles vaccine will be ineffective. At this time, serum globulin can be used. As long as it is used 6-7 days after infection, it can effectively control the onset, alleviate the symptoms, and sometimes even prevent it completely.

2. Rubella: It is caused by rubella virus.

Main symptoms:

The rash appears half a day or one day after the fever. It will disappear after 1-3 days. The systemic symptoms of the rash are mild, with enlarged and tender lymph nodes behind the ears and on the occipital region. The rash extends from the face, trunk, and limbs and is red maculopapular with normal skin between the rashes. There is no pigmentation or shedding after the rash subsides, which is different from measles.

Protection and treatment:

(1) Women should avoid contact with rubella patients during pregnancy.

(2) Strengthen care for young children, treat symptoms accordingly, and ensure proper isolation.

(3) This disease is caused by viral infection and has no specific treatment. The systemic symptoms are mild and no special treatment is required.

Editor's summary: Skin rash is just a minor problem for babies, especially it will recur during breastfeeding. It is mainly skin allergy. In most cases, if there are not many outbreaks, it is recommended not to treat it, wash it with clean water, and do not use special skin care products. If there are indeed many outbreaks, you should seek medical attention in time.