Causes of myopia in children

Nowadays, more and more people are myopic, and many people's myopia has reached thousands of degrees. It is very difficult to see things. Myopia brings us a lot of trouble. Therefore, we should pay attention to protecting our eyes in normal times. Now there are many children with myopia. Many parents are very worried. What should we do if they are myopic at such a young age? What is the cause of myopia in children?

What are the causes of myopia in children? There are several major factors. The following is a detailed introduction so that parents can have some understanding of this and take some preventive measures in daily life.

Causes of myopia in children:

Genetic factors

Studies have shown that in families with parents who are highly myopic, the next generation has a higher incidence of myopia. It is generally recognized that high myopia has a certain genetic tendency, but the genetic tendency for general myopia is not very obvious.

If you want your baby's eyes to develop healthily, you must pay attention to the child's eye hygiene after birth. For example, do not let the child observe things at a close distance for too long, including close-up videos, or do some delicate work such as calligraphy, drawing and writing, etc. This can reduce the possibility of myopia in children.

Environmental factors

The occurrence and development of myopia is closely related to close-range eye use. The eyeballs of teenagers are in the stage of growth and development. They have strong accommodation ability and the elasticity of the eyeball wall is relatively large. When doing close-range work such as reading and writing, not only the eye's accommodation function needs to be exerted, but the two eyeballs also need to converge. In this way, the extraocular muscles exert a certain amount of pressure on the eyeball. Over time, the anterior-posterior axis of the eyeball may become longer. Every 1 mm increase reaches 3.00 diopters (commonly known as 300 degrees). Of course, most of this myopia is simple myopia, and the degree is generally low, all below 6 diopters. The onset is mostly around puberty, and the progression is relatively slow. Some people call this myopia true myopia to distinguish it from false myopia.

1. Using your eyes too close. According to relevant reports, myopia in adolescents is mostly caused by long-term use of the eyes at too close a distance. The eyes of teenagers have a strong ability to accommodate objects. They can still see objects clearly when the distance between the book and the eyes is 7 to 10 cm. However, if they often read or write at this distance, the eye's accommodation will become abnormally tense, which can lead to refractive (accommodative) myopia, the so-called pseudomyopia. If the eye is over-adjusted for a long time, the ciliary muscle cannot stretch and contract flexibly. The convergence effect is enhanced due to the over-adjustment, which causes the extraocular muscles to exert pressure on the eyeball, increasing the intraocular pressure and causing congestion of the intraocular tissue. In addition, the eyeball tissue of teenagers is delicate, and the eyeball wall is gradually stretched under pressure, causing the anterior-posterior axis of the eyeball to lengthen. When it exceeds the normal value, axial myopia is formed, the so-called true myopia. The normal reading distance should be 30 to 35 cm.

2. Using your eyes for too long. Some teenagers and children read, write, do homework, watch TV, etc. for 3 to 4 hours without rest, or even go to bed late at night. This not only affects their physical health, but also puts too much burden on the eyes. The muscles inside and outside the eyes are in a tense state for a long time without rest. Over time, when looking into the distance, the eye muscles cannot relax and are in a spasm state, so that what they see in the distance appears blurred and forms myopia. It is generally recommended that you take a short break or look into the distance for a while after reading, writing or watching TV for 30 to 40 minutes.

3. The lighting is too strong or too weak. If the light is too strong, such as sunlight shining on written material, it will cause strong reflection, irritate the eyes, make the eyes uncomfortable, and make it difficult to see the font clearly. On the contrary, if the light is too weak and the written material is insufficiently illuminated, the eyes cannot see the font clearly, and the head will move forward and get close to the book. The above two situations can make the eyes easily tired, and the eyes can be over-adjusted or spasmed, forming myopia.

4. Read while driving or walking. Some young people make full use of their time by reading while walking or in a moving car, which is very bad for their eyes. Because the car is vibrating and the body is swaying, the distance between the eyes and the book cannot be fixed. In addition, the lighting conditions are poor, which increases the burden on the eyes to adjust. If this happens frequently, it may cause myopia.

5. Read while lying down. Many teenagers like to read in bed, which is a bad habit. Because people's eyes should remain horizontal when reading, so that accommodation and convergence can be consistent, reducing eye fatigue. If you read a book while lying down, your eyes are not level, the distance between your eyes and the book is inconsistent, your eyes' line of sight is inconsistent up and down and left and right, and the illumination on the book is uneven. These will make your eyes' adjustment tense and make it easy to move the book closer to your eyes. This will increase the burden on your eyes and cause myopia over time.

6. Malnutrition. Lack of calcium, zinc and other vitamins.

Through the above introduction, we have some understanding of the causes of myopia in children. Therefore, these are the factors that will cause myopia in children. Genetic myopia can also be treated. However, when giving children glasses, we must choose a regular place, which will be of great help to the children's eyes.